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annotate lwcc/README.txt @ 503:17fa03d69df3
Unbork "make install"
The merge of the lwcc stuff borked the Makefile some. This should unbork it.
At least it should install the binaries in .../bin again.
author | William Astle <lost@l-w.ca> |
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date | Thu, 26 Sep 2019 21:37:49 -0600 |
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1 This is the lwcc C compiler for lwtools. It was written using various other |
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2 C compilers as guides. Special thanks to the developers of the PCC compiler. |
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3 While none of the actual code from PCC was actually used, much of compiler |
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4 itself served as a template for creating lwcc. |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 LIMITATIONS AND DESIGN CHOICES |
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8 ============================== |
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9 |
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10 The direct interface to both the compiler proper and the preprocessor is |
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11 specifically undefined. Indeed, the preprocessor may, in fact, not be a |
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12 separate program at all. Relying on the specific format of the output of the |
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13 preprocessor is specifically forbidden even though it is possible to obtain |
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14 preprocessed output from the compiler driver. This is provided for debugging |
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15 purposes only. |
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16 |
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17 The preprocessor supports variadic macros. It also supports stringification, |
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18 and token concatenation but only within a macro expansion. There are |
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19 examples online that use the construct "#__LINE__" to get a string version |
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20 of the current line number. |
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21 |
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22 The preprocessor defaults to ignoring trigraphs because they are basically a |
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23 stupid idea on any current system. They have their place for systems where |
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24 creating the nine characters specified by the trigraphs is very difficult or |
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25 impossible. It is possible, however, to instruct the preprocessor to decode |
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26 trigraph sequences. |
292 | 27 |
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28 The nonstandard "#pragma once" feature is not supported at all. The effect |
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29 is easily accomplished using standard macros and conditionals. It is, |
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30 therefore, unneeded complexity. |
292 | 31 |
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32 The nonstandard idea of preprocessor assertions is also completely |
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33 unsupported. It is just as easy to test predefined macros and such tests are |
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34 much more portable. |
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35 |
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36 The preprocessor supports __LINE__, __FILE__, __DATE__, and __TIME__. The |
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37 compiler itself supports __func__ as a predefined string constant if |
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38 encountered because there is no way for the preprocessor to determine what |
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39 function it occurs within. The preprocessor does not define __STDC__, |
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40 __STDC_VERSION__, or __STDC_HOSTED__. I have seen no truly useful purpose |
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41 for these and since lwcc does not, at this time, conform to any known C |
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42 standard, it would be incorrect to define the first two. |
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43 |
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44 The compiler driver may define additional macros depending on its idea of |
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45 the context. |
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46 |
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47 |
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48 RUNTIME INFORMATION |
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49 =================== |
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50 |
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51 The compiler driver has a built in base directory where it searches for its |
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52 various components as needed. In the discussion below, BASEDIR stands for |
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53 that directory. |
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54 |
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55 BASEDIR may be specified by the -B option to the driver. Care must be taken |
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56 when doing so, however, because specifying an invalid -B will cause the |
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57 compiler to fail completely. It will completely override the built in search |
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58 paths for the compiler provided files and programs. |
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59 |
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60 Because BASEDIR is part of the actual compiler, it is not affected by |
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61 --sysroot or -isysroot options. |
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62 |
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63 If BASEDIR does not exist, compiler component programs will be searched for |
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64 in the standard execution paths. This may lead to incorrect results so it is |
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65 important to make certain that the specified BASEDIR exists. |
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66 |
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67 If -B is not specified, the default BASEDIR is |
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68 $(PREFIX)/lib/lwcc/$(VERSION)/ where PREFIX is the build prefix from the |
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69 Makefile and VERSION is the lwtools version. |
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70 |
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71 The contents of BASEDIR are as follows: |
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72 |
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73 BASEDIR/bin |
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74 |
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75 Various binaries for the parts of the compiler system. Notably, this |
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76 includes the preprocessor and compiler proper. The specific names and |
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77 contents of this directory cannot be relied upon and these programs should |
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78 not be called directly. Ever. Don't do it. |
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79 |
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80 |
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81 BASEDIR/lib |
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82 |
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83 This directory contains various libraries that provide support for any |
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84 portion of the compiler's output. The driver will arrange to pass the |
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85 appropriate arguments to the linker to include these as required. |
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86 |
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87 The most notable file in this directory is liblwcc.a wich contains the |
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88 support routines for the compiler's code generation. Depending on ABI and |
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89 code generation options supported, there may be multiple versions of |
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90 liblwcc.a. The driver will arrange for the correct one to be referenced. |
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91 |
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92 |
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93 BASEDIR/include |
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94 |
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95 This directory contains any C header files that the compiler provides. |
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96 Notably, this includes stdint.h, stdarg.h, and setjmp.h as these are |
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97 specific to the compiler. The driver will arrange for this directory to be |
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98 searched prior to the standard system directories so that these files will |
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99 override any present in those directories. |
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100 |