annotate docs/manual/manual.html @ 371:2593fd529be5

Change PRAGMA_SHADOW to behave more as expected Removed hack that allowed shadowing 6309 operation codes in 6809 mode. With recent changes to the assembler adding flexibility to 6809/6309 modes with pragmas, this adds complexity that is not clearly beneficial and would almost certainly lead to a great deal of confusion on the part of the user.
author William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
date Mon, 22 Jun 2015 19:16:13 -0600
parents 682524a1f32f
children fc166b3bbae3
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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2 <HTML
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3 ><HEAD
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4 ><TITLE
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5 >LW Tool Chain</TITLE
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6 ><META
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7 NAME="GENERATOR"
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8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"></HEAD
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9 ><BODY
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10 CLASS="BOOK"
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11 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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12 TEXT="#000000"
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13 LINK="#0000FF"
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14 VLINK="#840084"
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15 ALINK="#0000FF"
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16 ><DIV
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17 CLASS="BOOK"
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18 ><A
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19 NAME="AEN1"
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20 ></A
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21 ><DIV
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22 CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
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23 ><H1
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24 CLASS="TITLE"
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25 ><A
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26 NAME="AEN2"
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27 >LW Tool Chain</A
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28 ></H1
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29 ><H3
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30 CLASS="AUTHOR"
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31 ><A
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32 NAME="AEN4"
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33 ></A
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34 >William Astle</H3
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35 ><H3
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36 CLASS="AUTHOR"
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37 ><A
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38 NAME="AEN7"
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39 ></A
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40 >LWTools Contributors </H3
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41 ><P
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42 CLASS="COPYRIGHT"
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43 >Copyright &copy; 2009-2015 William Astle and LWTools contributors</P
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44 ><HR></DIV
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45 ><DIV
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46 CLASS="TOC"
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47 ><DL
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48 ><DT
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49 ><B
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50 >Table of Contents</B
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51 ></DT
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52 ><DT
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53 >1. <A
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54 HREF="#AEN13"
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55 >Introduction</A
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56 ></DT
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57 ><DD
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58 ><DL
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59 ><DT
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60 >1.1. <A
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61 HREF="#AEN16"
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62 >History</A
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63 ></DT
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64 ></DL
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65 ></DD
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66 ><DT
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67 >2. <A
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68 HREF="#AEN21"
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69 >Output Formats</A
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70 ></DT
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71 ><DD
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72 ><DL
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73 ><DT
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74 >2.1. <A
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75 HREF="#AEN24"
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76 >Raw Binaries</A
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77 ></DT
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78 ><DT
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79 >2.2. <A
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80 HREF="#AEN27"
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81 >DECB Binaries</A
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82 ></DT
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83 ><DT
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84 >2.3. <A
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85 HREF="#AEN32"
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86 >ASCII Hexadecimal</A
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87 ></DT
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88 ><DT
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89 >2.4. <A
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90 HREF="#AEN36"
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91 >Motorola S-Record</A
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92 ></DT
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93 ><DT
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94 >2.5. <A
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95 HREF="#AEN41"
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96 >Intel Hex</A
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97 ></DT
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98 ><DT
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99 >2.6. <A
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100 HREF="#AEN46"
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101 >OS9 Modules</A
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102 ></DT
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103 ><DT
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104 >2.7. <A
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105 HREF="#AEN54"
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106 >Object Files</A
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107 ></DT
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108 ></DL
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109 ></DD
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110 ><DT
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111 >3. <A
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112 HREF="#AEN62"
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113 >LWASM</A
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114 ></DT
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115 ><DD
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116 ><DL
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117 ><DT
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118 >3.1. <A
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119 HREF="#AEN65"
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120 >Command Line Options</A
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121 ></DT
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122 ><DT
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123 >3.2. <A
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124 HREF="#AEN208"
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125 >Dialects</A
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126 ></DT
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127 ><DT
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128 >3.3. <A
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129 HREF="#AEN217"
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130 >Source Format</A
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131 ></DT
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132 ><DT
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133 >3.4. <A
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134 HREF="#AEN227"
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135 >Symbols</A
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136 ></DT
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137 ><DT
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138 >3.5. <A
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139 HREF="#AEN232"
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140 >Numbers and Expressions</A
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141 ></DT
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142 ><DT
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143 >3.6. <A
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144 HREF="#AEN240"
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145 >Assembler Directives</A
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146 ></DT
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147 ><DD
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148 ><DL
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149 ><DT
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150 >3.6.1. <A
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151 HREF="#AEN243"
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152 >Data Directives</A
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153 ></DT
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154 ><DT
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155 >3.6.2. <A
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156 HREF="#AEN354"
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157 >Address Definition</A
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158 ></DT
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159 ><DT
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160 >3.6.3. <A
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161 HREF="#AEN401"
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162 >Conditional Assembly</A
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163 ></DT
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164 ><DT
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165 >3.6.4. <A
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166 HREF="#AEN466"
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167 >OS9 Target Directives</A
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168 ></DT
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169 ><DT
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170 >3.6.5. <A
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171 HREF="#AEN491"
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172 >Miscelaneous Directives</A
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173 ></DT
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174 ></DL
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175 ></DD
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176 ><DT
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177 >3.7. <A
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178 HREF="#AEN531"
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179 >Macros</A
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180 ></DT
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181 ><DT
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182 >3.8. <A
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183 HREF="#AEN554"
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184 >Structures</A
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185 ></DT
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186 ><DT
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187 >3.9. <A
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188 HREF="#AEN575"
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189 >Object Files and Sections</A
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190 ></DT
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191 ><DT
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192 >3.10. <A
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193 HREF="#AEN639"
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194 >Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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195 ></DT
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196 ></DL
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197 ></DD
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198 ><DT
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199 >4. <A
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200 HREF="#AEN745"
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201 >LWLINK</A
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202 ></DT
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203 ><DD
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204 ><DL
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205 ><DT
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206 >4.1. <A
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207 HREF="#AEN748"
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208 >Command Line Options</A
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209 ></DT
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210 ><DT
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211 >4.2. <A
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212 HREF="#AEN845"
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213 >Linker Operation</A
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214 ></DT
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215 ><DT
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216 >4.3. <A
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217 HREF="#AEN859"
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218 >Linking Scripts</A
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219 ></DT
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220 ><DT
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221 >4.4. <A
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222 HREF="#AEN925"
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223 >Format Specific Linking Notes</A
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224 ></DT
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225 ><DD
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226 ><DL
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227 ><DT
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228 >4.4.1. <A
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229 HREF="#AEN928"
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230 >OS9 Modules</A
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231 ></DT
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232 ></DL
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233 ></DD
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234 ></DL
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235 ></DD
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236 ><DT
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237 >5. <A
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238 HREF="#AEN940"
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239 >Libraries and LWAR</A
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240 ></DT
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241 ><DD
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242 ><DL
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243 ><DT
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244 >5.1. <A
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245 HREF="#AEN944"
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246 >Command Line Options</A
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247 ></DT
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248 ></DL
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249 ></DD
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250 ><DT
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251 >6. <A
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252 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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253 >Object Files</A
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254 ></DT
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255 ></DL
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256 ></DIV
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257 ><DIV
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258 CLASS="LOT"
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259 ><DL
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260 CLASS="LOT"
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261 ><DT
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262 ><B
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263 >List of Tables</B
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264 ></DT
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265 ><DT
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266 >6-1. <A
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267 HREF="#AEN1027"
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268 >Object File Term Types</A
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269 ></DT
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270 ><DT
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271 >6-2. <A
369
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272 HREF="#AEN1057"
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273 >Object File Operator Numbers</A
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274 ></DT
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275 ></DL
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276 ></DIV
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277 ><DIV
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278 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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279 ><HR><H1
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280 ><A
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281 NAME="AEN13"
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282 ></A
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283 >Chapter 1. Introduction</H1
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284 ><P
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285 >The LW tool chain provides utilities for building binaries for MC6809 and
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286 HD6309 CPUs. The tool chain includes a cross-assembler and a cross-linker
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287 which support several styles of output.</P
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288 ><DIV
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289 CLASS="SECTION"
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290 ><HR><H2
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291 CLASS="SECTION"
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292 ><A
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293 NAME="AEN16"
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294 >1.1. History</A
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295 ></H2
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296 ><P
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297 >For a long time, I have had an interest in creating an operating system for
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298 the Coco3. I finally started working on that project around the beginning of
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299 2006. I had a number of assemblers I could choose from. Eventually, I settled
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300 on one and started tinkering. After a while, I realized that assembler was not
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301 going to be sufficient due to lack of macros and issues with forward references.
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302 Then I tried another which handled forward references correctly but still did
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303 not support macros. I looked around at other assemblers and they all lacked
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304 one feature or another that I really wanted for creating my operating system.</P
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305 ><P
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306 >The solution seemed clear at that point. I am a fair programmer so I figured
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307 I could write an assembler that would do everything I wanted an assembler to
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308 do. Thus the LWASM probject was born. After more than two years of on and off
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309 work, version 1.0 of LWASM was released in October of 2008.</P
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310 ><P
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311 >As the aforementioned operating system project progressed further, it became
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312 clear that while assembling the whole project through a single file was doable,
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313 it was not practical. When I found myself playing some fancy games with macros
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314 in a bid to simulate sections, I realized I needed a means of assembling
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315 source files separately and linking them later. This spawned a major development
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316 effort to add an object file support to LWASM. It also spawned the LWLINK
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317 project to provide a means to actually link the files.</P
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318 ></DIV
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319 ></DIV
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320 ><DIV
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321 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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322 ><HR><H1
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323 ><A
324
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324 NAME="AEN21"
153
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325 ></A
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326 >Chapter 2. Output Formats</H1
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327 ><P
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328 >The LW tool chain supports multiple output formats. Each format has its
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329 advantages and disadvantages. Each format is described below.</P
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330 ><DIV
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331 CLASS="SECTION"
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332 ><HR><H2
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333 CLASS="SECTION"
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334 ><A
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335 NAME="AEN24"
153
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336 >2.1. Raw Binaries</A
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337 ></H2
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338 ><P
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339 >A raw binary is simply a string of bytes. There are no headers or other
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340 niceties. Both LWLINK and LWASM support generating raw binaries. ORG directives
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341 in the source code only serve to set the addresses that will be used for
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342 symbols but otherwise have no direct impact on the resulting binary.</P
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343 ></DIV
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344 ><DIV
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345 CLASS="SECTION"
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346 ><HR><H2
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347 CLASS="SECTION"
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348 ><A
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349 NAME="AEN27"
153
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350 >2.2. DECB Binaries</A
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351 ></H2
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352 ><P
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353 >A DECB binary is compatible with the LOADM command in Disk Extended
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354 Color Basic on the CoCo. They are also compatible with CLOADM from Extended
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355 Color Basic. These binaries include the load address of the binary as well
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356 as encoding an execution address. These binaries may contain multiple loadable
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357 sections, each of which has its own load address.</P
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358 ><P
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359 >Each binary starts with a preamble. Each preamble is five bytes long. The
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360 first byte is zero. The next two bytes specify the number of bytes to load
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361 and the last two bytes specify the address to load the bytes at. Then, a
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362 string of bytes follows. After this string of bytes, there may be another
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363 preamble or a postamble. A postamble is also five bytes in length. The first
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364 byte of the postamble is $FF, the next two are zero, and the last two are
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365 the execution address for the binary.</P
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366 ><P
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367 >Both LWASM and LWLINK can output this format.</P
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368 ></DIV
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369 ><DIV
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370 CLASS="SECTION"
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371 ><HR><H2
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372 CLASS="SECTION"
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373 ><A
324
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374 NAME="AEN32"
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375 >2.3. ASCII Hexadecimal</A
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376 ></H2
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377 ><P
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378 >This human-readable ASCII hexadecimal format consists of CR+LF terminated
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379 lines of ASCII text. Each line has the following structure: a zero-padded
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380 four-digit ASCII hex address, a colon separator, and one or more zero-padded
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381 two-digit hex values separated by commas. ASCII Hexadecimal format favors
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382 paragraph-aligned addresses (i.e. a least significant address nybble value
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383 of zero). During output, the number of hex values on each line are adjusted
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384 to align the address of the next line on a paragraph boundary. The sequence
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385 of addresses in the ASCII Hexadecimal file directly follows that of the source
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386 file; multiple ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence
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387 addresses in the ASCII Hexadecimal output.</P
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388 ><P
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389 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10.</P
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390 ></DIV
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391 ><DIV
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392 CLASS="SECTION"
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393 ><HR><H2
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394 CLASS="SECTION"
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395 ><A
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396 NAME="AEN36"
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397 >2.4. Motorola S-Record</A
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398 ></H2
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399 ><P
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400 >This ASCII format consists of a series of CR+LF terminated "records" of ASCII
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401 text. Each record has the following structure: a start-of-record character
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402 "S", an ASCII record type digit (0-9), a two-digit ASCII hex byte count, a
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403 four-digit ASCII hex address, an optional sequence of two-digit ASCII hex data
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404 values, and a two-digit ASCII hex checksum. The LW tool chain issues only S0,
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405 S1, S5 and S9 record types. S1 records are limited to maximum of 16 data bytes
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406 in length, and paragraph alignment of addresses is favored. The address
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407 sequence of the S-Records directly follows that of the source file; multiple
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408 ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence addresses in
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409 the S-Record output. </P
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410 ><P
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411 >Motorola S-Record format is a standard ASCII format accepted by most memory
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412 device programming equipment. It is particularly useful when the assembled
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413 code output is destined to reside within an EPROM or Flash memory device,
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414 for example.</P
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415 ><P
345
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416 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10. LWLINK can output this format
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417 since version 4.11.</P
324
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418 ></DIV
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419 ><DIV
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420 CLASS="SECTION"
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421 ><HR><H2
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422 CLASS="SECTION"
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423 ><A
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424 NAME="AEN41"
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425 >2.5. Intel Hex</A
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426 ></H2
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427 ><P
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428 >This ASCII format consists of a series of CR+LF terminated "records" of ASCII
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429 text. Each record has the following structure: a start-of-record character
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430 ":", a two-digit ASCII hex byte count, a four-digit ASCII hex address, a two-
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431 digit ASCII hex record type, an optional sequence of two-digit ASCII hex data
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432 values, and a two-digit ASCII hex checksum. The LW tool chain issues only 00,
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433 and 01 Intel Hex record types. Data records are limited to maximum of 16
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434 data bytes in length, and paragraph alignment of addresses is favored. The
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435 address sequence of the Intel hex records directly follows that of the source
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436 file; multiple ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence
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437 addresses in the Intel Hex output. </P
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438 ><P
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439 >Intel Hex format is the other standard ASCII format accepted by most memory
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440 device programming equipment, it and the Motorola S-Record format are used for
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441 similar purposes.</P
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442 ><P
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443 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10.</P
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444 ></DIV
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445 ><DIV
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446 CLASS="SECTION"
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447 ><HR><H2
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448 CLASS="SECTION"
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449 ><A
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450 NAME="AEN46"
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451 >2.6. OS9 Modules</A
153
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452 ></H2
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453 ><P
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454 >&#13;Since version 2.5, LWASM is able to generate OS9 modules. The syntax is
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455 basically the same as for other assemblers. A module starts with the MOD
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456 directive and ends with the EMOD directive. The OS9 directive is provided
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457 as a shortcut for writing system calls.&#13;</P
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458 ><P
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459 >&#13;LWASM does NOT provide an OS9Defs file. You must provide your own. Also note
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460 that the common practice of using "ifp1" around the inclusion of the OS9Defs
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461 file is discouraged as it is pointless and can lead to unintentional
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462 problems and phasing errors. Because LWASM reads each file exactly once,
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463 there is no benefit to restricting the inclusion to the first assembly pass.&#13;</P
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464 ><P
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465 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWASM also implements the standard data/code address
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466 streams for OS9 modules. That means that between MOD and EMOD, any RMB,
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467 RMD, RMQ, or equivalent directives will move the data address ahead and
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468 leave the code address unmodified. Outside of an actual module, both the
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469 code and data addresses are moved ahead equally. That last bit is critical
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470 to understand because it means any directives that follow an EMOD directive
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471 may have different results than other assemblers.&#13;</P
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472 ><P
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473 >&#13;Additionally, within a module body, the ORG directive sets only the data
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474 address, not the code address. However, outside a module body, ORG sets both
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475 addresses.&#13;</P
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476 ><P
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477 >Both code and data addresses are reset to 0 by the MOD directive.</P
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478 ><P
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479 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWLINK also supports creation of OS9 modules.&#13;</P
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480 ></DIV
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481 ><DIV
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482 CLASS="SECTION"
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483 ><HR><H2
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484 CLASS="SECTION"
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485 ><A
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486 NAME="AEN54"
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487 >2.7. Object Files</A
153
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488 ></H2
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489 ><P
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490 >LWASM supports generating a proprietary object file format which is
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491 described in <A
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492 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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493 >Chapter 6</A
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494 >. LWLINK is then used to link these
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495 object files into a final binary in any of LWLINK's supported binary
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496 formats.</P
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497 ><P
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498 >Object files also support the concept of sections which are not valid
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499 for other output types. This allows related code from each object file
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500 linked to be collapsed together in the final binary.</P
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501 ><P
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502 >Object files are very flexible in that they allow references that are not
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503 known at assembly time to be resolved at link time. However, because the
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504 addresses of such references are not known at assembly time, there is no way
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505 for the assembler to deduce that an eight bit addressing mode is possible.
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506 That means the assember will default to using sixteen bit addressing
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507 whenever an external or cross-section reference is used.</P
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508 ><P
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509 >As of LWASM 2.4, it is possible to force direct page addressing for an
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510 external reference. Care must be taken to ensure the resulting addresses
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511 are really in the direct page since the linker does not know what the direct
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512 page is supposed to be and does not emit errors for byte overflows.</P
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513 ><P
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514 >It is also possible to use external references in an eight bit immediate
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515 mode instruction. In this case, only the low order eight bits will be used.
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516 Again, no byte overflows will be flagged.</P
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517 ></DIV
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518 ></DIV
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519 ><DIV
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520 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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521 ><HR><H1
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522 ><A
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523 NAME="AEN62"
153
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524 ></A
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525 >Chapter 3. LWASM</H1
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526 ><P
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527 >The LWTOOLS assembler is called LWASM. This chapter documents the various
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528 features of the assembler. It is not, however, a tutorial on 6x09 assembly
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529 language programming.</P
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530 ><DIV
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531 CLASS="SECTION"
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532 ><HR><H2
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533 CLASS="SECTION"
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534 ><A
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535 NAME="AEN65"
153
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536 >3.1. Command Line Options</A
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537 ></H2
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538 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
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539 >The binary for LWASM is called "lwasm". Note that the binary is in lower
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540 case. lwasm takes the following command line arguments.</P
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parents:
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541 ><P
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542 ></P
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543 ><DIV
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544 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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545 ><DL
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546 ><DT
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547 ><CODE
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548 CLASS="OPTION"
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549 >--6309</CODE
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parents:
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550 >, <CODE
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551 CLASS="OPTION"
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552 >-3</CODE
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553 ></DT
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parents:
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554 ><DD
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555 ><P
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556 >This will cause the assembler to accept the additional instructions available
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557 on the 6309 processor. This is the default mode; this option is provided for
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558 completeness and to override preset command arguments.</P
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559 ></DD
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parents:
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560 ><DT
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561 ><CODE
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562 CLASS="OPTION"
333
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563 >--6800compat</CODE
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564 ></DT
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565 ><DD
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566 ><P
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567 >This is equivalent to <CODE
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568 CLASS="OPTION"
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569 >--pragma=6800compat</CODE
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570 >.</P
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571 ><P
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572 >This will enable recognition of 6800 compatibility instructions.</P
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573 ></DD
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574 ><DT
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575 ><CODE
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576 CLASS="OPTION"
153
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577 >--6809</CODE
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578 >, <CODE
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579 CLASS="OPTION"
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580 >-9</CODE
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parents:
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581 ></DT
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parents:
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582 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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583 ><P
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584 >This will cause the assembler to reject instructions that are only available
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585 on the 6309 processor.</P
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586 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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587 ><DT
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parents:
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588 ><CODE
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589 CLASS="OPTION"
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590 >--decb</CODE
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parents:
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591 >, <CODE
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592 CLASS="OPTION"
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593 >-b</CODE
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parents:
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594 ></DT
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parents:
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595 ><DD
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parents:
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596 ><P
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597 >Select the DECB output format target. Equivalent to <CODE
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598 CLASS="OPTION"
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599 >--format=decb</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
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600 >.</P
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parents:
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601 ><P
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602 >While this is the default output format currently, it is not safe to rely
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603 on that fact. Future versions may have different defaults. It is also trivial
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604 to modify the source code to change the default. Thus, it is recommended to specify
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605 this option if you need DECB output.</P
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606 ></DD
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607 ><DT
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parents:
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608 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
609 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
610 >--format=type</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
611 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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612 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
613 >-f type</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
614 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
615 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
616 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
617 >Select the output format. Valid values are <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
618 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
619 >obj</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
620 > for the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
621 object file target, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
622 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
623 >decb</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
624 > for the DECB LOADM format,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
625 <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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626 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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627 >os9</CODE
324
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628 > for creating OS9 modules, <CODE
153
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629 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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630 >raw</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
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631 > for
324
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632 a raw binary, <CODE
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parents: 316
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633 CLASS="OPTION"
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634 >hex</CODE
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diff changeset
635 > for ASCII hexadecminal format,
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parents: 316
diff changeset
636 <CODE
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parents: 316
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637 CLASS="OPTION"
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parents: 316
diff changeset
638 >srec</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
639 > for Motorola S-Record format, and <CODE
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parents: 316
diff changeset
640 CLASS="OPTION"
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parents: 316
diff changeset
641 >ihex</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
642 >
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
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643 for Intel Hex format.</P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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644 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
645 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
646 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
647 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
648 >--list[=file]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
649 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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650 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
651 >-l[file]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
652 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
653 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
654 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
655 >Cause LWASM to generate a listing. If <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
656 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
657 >file</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
658 > is specified,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
659 the listing will go to that file. Otherwise it will go to the standard output
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
660 stream. By default, no listing is generated. Unless <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
661 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
662 >--symbols</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
663 >
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
664 is specified, the list will not include the symbol table.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
665 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
666 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
667 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
668 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
669 >--symbols</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
670 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
671 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
672 >-s</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
673 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
674 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
675 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
676 >Causes LWASM to generate a list of symbols when generating a listing.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
677 It has no effect unless a listing is being generated.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
678 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
679 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
680 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
681 CLASS="OPTION"
369
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
682 >--symbols-nolocals</CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
683 ></DT
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
684 ><DD
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
685 ><P
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
686 >Behaves just like <CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
687 CLASS="OPTION"
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
688 >--symbols</CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
689 > but with local labels omitted.</P
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
690 ></DD
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
691 ><DT
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
692 ><CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
693 CLASS="OPTION"
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
694 >--map=FILE</CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
695 ></DT
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
696 ><DD
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
697 ><P
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
698 >&#13;This option generates a map file which can be used by debuggers and monitors to provide symbol information. A map file may be created independent of a listing file. (Patches are pending for MAME and exec09.)&#13;</P
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
699 ></DD
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
700 ><DT
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
701 ><CODE
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
702 CLASS="OPTION"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
703 >--obj</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
704 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
705 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
706 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
707 >Select the proprietary object file format as the output target.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
708 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
709 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
710 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
711 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
712 >--output=FILE</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
713 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
714 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
715 >-o FILE</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
716 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
717 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
718 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
719 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
720 default is <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
721 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
722 >a.out</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
723 >.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
724 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
725 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
726 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
727 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
728 >--pragma=pragma</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
729 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
730 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
731 >-p pragma</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
732 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
733 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
734 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
735 >Specify assembler pragmas. Multiple pragmas are separated by commas. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
736 pragmas accepted are the same as for the PRAGMA assembler directive described
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
737 below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
738 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
739 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
740 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
741 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
742 >--raw</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
743 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
744 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
745 >-r</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
746 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
747 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
748 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
749 >Select raw binary as the output target.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
750 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
751 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
752 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
753 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
754 >--includedir=path</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
755 >, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
756 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
757 >-I path</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
758 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
759 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
760 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
761 >Add <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
762 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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763 >path</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
764 > to the end of the include path.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
765 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
766 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
767 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
768 CLASS="OPTION"
231
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diff changeset
769 >--define=SYM[=VAL]</CODE
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parents: 168
diff changeset
770 >, <CODE
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
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parents: 168
diff changeset
771 CLASS="OPTION"
245
0bc1c88fe776 Fix typo in documentation of lwasm --define switch.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 236
diff changeset
772 >-D SYM[=VAL]</CODE
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
773 ></DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
774 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
775 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
776 >Pre-defines the symbol SYM as either the specified VAL. If VAL is omitted,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
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parents: 168
diff changeset
777 the symbol is defined as 1. The symbol will be defined as though it were
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
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parents: 168
diff changeset
778 defined using the SET directive in the assembly source. That means it can
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
779 be overridden by a SET directive within the source code. Attempting to
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
780 redefine SYM using EQU will result in a multiply defined symbol error.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
781 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
782 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
783 ><CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
784 CLASS="OPTION"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
785 >--help</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
786 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
787 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
788 >-?</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
789 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
790 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
791 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
792 >Present a help screen describing the command line options.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
793 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
794 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
795 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
796 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
797 >--usage</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
798 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
799 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
800 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
801 >Provide a summary of the command line options.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
802 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
803 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
804 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
805 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
806 >--version</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
807 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
808 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
809 >-V</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
810 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
811 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
812 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
813 >Display the software version.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
814 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
815 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
816 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
817 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
818 >--debug</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
819 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
820 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
821 >-d</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
822 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
823 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
824 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
825 >Increase the debugging level. Only really useful to people hacking on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
826 LWASM source code itself.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
827 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
828 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
829 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
830 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
831 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
832 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
833 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
834 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
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835 ><A
369
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836 NAME="AEN208"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
837 >3.2. Dialects</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
838 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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839 ><P
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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840 > LWASM supports all documented MC6809 instructions as defined by
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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841 Motorola. By default, this does not include any MC6800 compatibility
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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842 instructions. As of LWASM 4.11, those compatibility instructions can be
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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843 enabled using the <CODE
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
844 CLASS="PARAMETER"
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
845 >--6800compat</CODE
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parents: 324
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846 > option or the
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
847 <CODE
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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848 CLASS="PARAMETER"
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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diff changeset
849 >6800compat</CODE
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parents: 324
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850 > pragma. It also supports all known HD6309
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
851 instructions. While there is general agreement on the pneumonics for most
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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852 of the 6309 instructions, there is some variance with the block transfer
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
853 instructions. TFM for all four variations seems to have gained the most
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
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854 traction and, thus, this is the form that is recommended for LWASM.
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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855 However, it also supports COPY, COPY-, IMP, EXP, TFRP, TFRM, TFRS, and TFRR.
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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856 It further adds COPY+ as a synomym for COPY, IMPLODE for IMP, and EXPAND for
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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diff changeset
857 EXP. </P
153
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858 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
859 >By default, LWASM accepts 6309 instructions. However, using the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
860 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
861 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
862 >--6809</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
863 > parameter, you can cause it to throw errors on
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
864 6309 instructions instead.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
865 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
866 >The standard addressing mode specifiers are supported. These are the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
867 hash sign ("#") for immediate mode, the less than sign ("&lt;") for forced
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
868 eight bit modes, and the greater than sign ("&gt;") for forced sixteen bit modes.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
869 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
870 >Additionally, LWASM supports using the asterisk ("*") to indicate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
871 base page addressing. This should not be used in hand-written source code,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
872 however, because it is non-standard and may or may not be present in future
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
873 versions of LWASM.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
874 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
875 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
876 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
877 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
878 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
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879 ><A
369
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parents: 348
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880 NAME="AEN217"
153
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parents:
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881 >3.3. Source Format</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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882 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
883 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
884 >LWASM accepts plain text files in a relatively free form. It can handle
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
885 lines terminated with CR, LF, CRLF, or LFCR which means it should be able
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lost@l-w.ca
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diff changeset
886 to assemble files on any platform on which it compiles.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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887 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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888 >Each line may start with a symbol. If a symbol is present, there must not
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
889 be any whitespace preceding it. It is legal for a line to contain nothing
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
890 but a symbol.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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891 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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892 >The op code is separated from the symbol by whitespace. If there is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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893 no symbol, there must be at least one white space character preceding it.
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lost@l-w.ca
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894 If applicable, the operand follows separated by whitespace. Following the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
895 opcode and operand is an optional comment.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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896 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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897 > It is important to note that operands cannot contain any whitespace
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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898 except in the case of delimited strings. This is because the first
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
899 whitespace character will be interpreted as the separator between the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
900 operand column and the comment. This behaviour is required for approximate
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
901 source compatibility with other 6x09 assemblers. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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902 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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903 >A comment can also be introduced with a * or a ;. The comment character is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
904 optional for end of statement comments. However, if a symbol is the only
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
905 thing present on the line other than the comment, the comment character is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
906 mandatory to prevent the assembler from interpreting the comment as an opcode.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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907 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
908 >For compatibility with the output generated by some C preprocessors, LWASM
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
909 will also ignore lines that begin with a #. This should not be used as a general
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
910 comment character, however.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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911 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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912 >The opcode is not treated case sensitively. Neither are register names in
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
913 the operand fields. Symbols, however, are case sensitive.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
914 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
915 > As of version 2.6, LWASM supports files with line numbers. If line
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
916 numbers are present, the line must start with a digit. The line number
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
917 itself must consist only of digits. The line number must then be followed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
918 by either the end of the line or exactly one white space character. After
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
919 that white space character, the lines are interpreted exactly as above. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
920 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
921 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
922 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
923 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
924 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
925 ><A
369
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parents: 348
diff changeset
926 NAME="AEN227"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
927 >3.4. Symbols</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
928 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
929 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
930 >Symbols have no length restriction. They may contain letters, numbers, dots,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
931 dollar signs, and underscores. They must start with a letter, dot, or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
932 underscore.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
933 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
934 >LWASM also supports the concept of a local symbol. A local symbol is one
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
935 which contains either a "?" or a "@", which can appear anywhere in the symbol.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
936 The scope of a local symbol is determined by a number of factors. First,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
937 each included file gets its own local symbol scope. A blank line will also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
938 be considered a local scope barrier. Macros each have their own local symbol
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
939 scope as well (which has a side effect that you cannot use a local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
940 as an argument to a macro). There are other factors as well. In general,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
941 a local symbol is restricted to the block of code it is defined within.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
942 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
943 >By default, unless assembling to the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
944 also make it local. This can be controlled by the "dollarlocal" and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
945 "nodollarlocal" pragmas. In the absence of a pragma to the contrary, for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
946 the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will not make it considered local while
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
947 for all other targets it will.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
948 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
949 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
950 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
951 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
952 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
953 ><A
369
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parents: 348
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954 NAME="AEN232"
153
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955 >3.5. Numbers and Expressions</A
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parents:
diff changeset
956 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
957 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
958 >&#13;Numbers can be expressed in binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal. Binary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
959 numbers may be prefixed with a "%" symbol or suffixed with a "b" or "B".
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
960 Octal numbers may be prefixed with "@" or suffixed with "Q", "q", "O", or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
961 "o". Hexadecimal numbers may be prefixed with "$", "0x" or "0X", or suffixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
962 with "H". No prefix or suffix is required for decimal numbers but they can
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
963 be prefixed with "&amp;" if desired. Any constant which begins with a letter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
964 must be expressed with the correct prefix base identifier or be prefixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
965 with a 0. Thus hexadecimal FF would have to be written either 0FFH or $FF.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
966 Numbers are not case sensitive.&#13;</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
967 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
968 > A symbol may appear at any point where a number is acceptable. The
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
969 special symbol "*" can be used to represent the starting address of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
970 current source line within expressions. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
971 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
972 >The ASCII value of a character can be included by prefixing it with a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
973 single quote ('). The ASCII values of two characters can be included by
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
974 prefixing the characters with a quote (").</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
975 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
976 >&#13;LWASM supports the following basic binary operators: +, -, *, /, and %.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
977 These represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
978 modulus. It also supports unary negation and unary 1's complement (- and ^
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
979 respectively). It is also possible to use ~ for the unary 1's complement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
980 operator. For completeness, a unary positive (+) is supported though it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
981 a no-op. LWASM also supports using |, &#38;, and ^ for bitwise or, bitwise and,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
982 and bitwise exclusive or respectively.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
983 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
984 >&#13;Operator precedence follows the usual rules. Multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
985 modulus take precedence over addition and subtraction. Unary operators take
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
986 precedence over binary operators. Bitwise operators are lower precdence
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
987 than addition and subtraction. To force a specific order of evaluation,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
988 parentheses can be used in the usual manner.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
989 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
990 >&#13;As of LWASM 2.5, the operators &#38;&#38; and || are recognized for boolean and and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
991 boolean or respectively. They will return either 0 or 1 (false or true).
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
992 They have the lowest precedence of all the binary operators.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
993 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
994 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
995 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
996 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
997 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
998 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
999 NAME="AEN240"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1000 >3.6. Assembler Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1001 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1002 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1003 >Various directives can be used to control the behaviour of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1004 assembler or to include non-code/data in the resulting output. Those directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1005 that are not described in detail in other sections of this document are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1006 described below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1007 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1008 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1009 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1010 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1011 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1012 NAME="AEN243"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1013 >3.6.1. Data Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1014 ></H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1015 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1016 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1017 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1018 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1019 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1020 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1021 >FCB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1022 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1023 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1024 >, .DB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1025 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1026 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1027 >, .BYTE <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1028 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1029 >expr[,...]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1030 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1031 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1032 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1033 >Include one or more constant bytes (separated by commas) in the output.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1034 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1035 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1036 >FDB <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1037 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1038 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1039 >, .DW <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1040 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1041 >expr[,...]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1042 >, .WORD <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1043 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1044 >expr[,...]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1045 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1046 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1047 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1048 >Include one or more words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1049 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1050 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1051 >FQB <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1052 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1053 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1054 >, .QUAD <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1055 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1056 >expr[,...]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1057 >, .4BYTE <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1058 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1059 >expr[,...]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1060 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1061 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1062 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1063 >Include one or more double words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1064 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1065 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1066 >FCC <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1067 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1068 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1069 >, .ASCII <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1070 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1071 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1072 >, .STR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1073 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1074 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1075 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1076 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1077 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1078 >Include a string of text in the output. The first character of the operand
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1079 is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and cannot appear
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1080 within the string. The string is included with no modifications&#62;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1081 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1082 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1083 >FCN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1084 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1085 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1086 >, .ASCIZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1087 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1088 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1089 >, .STRZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1090 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1091 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1092 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1093 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1094 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1095 >Include a NUL terminated string of text in the output. The first character of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1096 the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1097 cannot appear within the string. A NUL byte is automatically appended to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1098 the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1099 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1100 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1101 >FCS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1102 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1103 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1104 >, .ASCIS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1105 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1106 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1107 >, .STRS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1108 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1109 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1110 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1111 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1112 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1113 >Include a string of text in the output with bit 7 of the final byte set. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1114 first character of the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1115 character and cannot appear within the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1116 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1117 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1118 >ZMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1119 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1120 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1121 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1122 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1123 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1124 >Include a number of NUL bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1125 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1126 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1127 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1128 >ZMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1129 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1130 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1131 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1132 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1133 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1134 >Include a number of zero words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1135 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1136 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1137 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1138 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1139 >ZMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1140 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1141 >expr<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1142 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1143 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1144 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1145 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1146 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1147 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1148 >Include a number of zero double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1149 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1150 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1151 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1152 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1153 >RMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1154 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1155 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1156 >, .BLKB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1157 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1158 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1159 >, .DS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1160 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1161 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1162 >, .RS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1163 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1164 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1165 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1166 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1167 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1168 >Reserve a number of bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1169 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1170 The value of the bytes is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1171 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1172 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1173 >RMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1174 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1175 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1176 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1177 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1178 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1179 >Reserve a number of words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1180 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1181 permitted. The value of the words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1182 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1183 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1184 >RMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1185 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1186 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1187 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1188 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1189 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1190 >Reserve a number of double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1191 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1192 permitted. The value of the double-words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1193 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1194 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1195 >INCLUDEBIN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1196 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1197 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1198 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1199 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1200 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1201 >Treat the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1202 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1203 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1204 > as a string of bytes to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1205 be included literally at the current assembly point. This has the same effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1206 as converting the file contents to a series of FCB statements and including
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1207 those at the current assembly point.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1208 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1209 > If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1210 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1211 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1212 > beings with a /, the file name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1213 will be taken as absolute. Otherwise, the current directory will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1214 searched followed by the search path in the order specified.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1215 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1216 > Please note that absolute path detection including drive letters will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1217 not function correctly on Windows platforms. Non-absolute inclusion will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1218 work, however.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1219 ></DD
254
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1220 ><DT
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1221 >FILL <CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1222 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1223 >size</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1224 >,<CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1225 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1226 >byte</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1227 ></DT
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1228 ><DD
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1229 ><P
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1230 >Insert <CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1231 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1232 >size</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1233 > bytes of <CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1234 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1235 >byte</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1236 >.</P
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1237 ></DD
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1238 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1239 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1240 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1241 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1242 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1243 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1244 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1245 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1246 NAME="AEN354"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1247 >3.6.2. Address Definition</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1248 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1249 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1250 >The directives in this section all control the addresses of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1251 or the assembly process itself.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1252 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1253 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1254 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1255 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1256 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1257 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1258 >ORG <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1259 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1260 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1261 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1262 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1263 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1264 >Set the assembly address. The address must be fully resolvable on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1265 first pass so no external or forward references are permitted. ORG is not
324
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1266 permitted within sections when outputting to object files. For target formats
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1267 that include address information (decb, hex, srec, and ihex), an ORG
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1268 directive will re-start the address sequence within the output. When using
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1269 the raw target format, ORG is used only to determine the addresses of symbols.</P
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1270 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1271 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1272 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1273 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1274 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1275 > EQU <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1276 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1277 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1278 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1279 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1280 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1281 > = <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1282 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1283 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1284 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1285 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1286 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1287 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1288 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1289 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1290 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1291 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1292 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1293 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1294 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1295 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1296 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1297 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1298 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1299 > SET <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1300 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1301 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1302 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1303 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1304 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1305 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1306 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1307 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1308 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1309 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1310 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1311 >.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1312 Unlike EQU, SET permits symbols to be defined multiple times as long as SET
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1313 is used for all instances. Use of the symbol before the first SET statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1314 that sets its value is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1315 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1316 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1317 >SETDP <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1318 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1319 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1320 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1321 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1322 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1323 >Inform the assembler that it can assume the DP register contains
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1324 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1325 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1326 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1327 >. This directive is only advice to the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1328 to determine whether an address is in the direct page and has no effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1329 on the contents of the DP register. The value must be fully resolved during
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1330 the first assembly pass because it affects the sizes of subsequent instructions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1331 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1332 >This directive has no effect in the object file target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1333 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1334 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1335 >ALIGN <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1336 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1337 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1338 >[,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1339 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1340 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1341 >]</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1342 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1343 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1344 >Force the current assembly address to be a multiple of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1345 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1346 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1347 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1348 >. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1349 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1350 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1351 > is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1352 specified, a series of NUL bytes is output to force the alignment, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1353 required. Otherwise, the low order 8 bits of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1354 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1355 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1356 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1357 will be used as the fill. The alignment value must be fully resolved on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1358 first pass because it affects the addresses of subsquent instructions.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1359 However, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1360 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1361 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1362 > may include forward references; as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1363 long as it resolves to a constant for the second pass, the value will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1364 accepted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1365 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1366 >Unless <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1367 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1368 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1369 > is specified as something like $12,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1370 this directive is not suitable for inclusion in the middle of actual code.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1371 The default padding value is $00 which is intended to be used within data
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1372 blocks. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1373 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1374 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1375 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1376 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1377 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1378 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1379 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1380 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1381 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1382 NAME="AEN401"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1383 >3.6.3. Conditional Assembly</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1384 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1385 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1386 >Portions of the source code can be excluded or included based on conditions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1387 known at assembly time. Conditionals can be nested arbitrarily deeply. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1388 directives associated with conditional assembly are described in this section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1389 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1390 >All conditionals must be fully bracketed. That is, every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1391 statement must eventually be followed by an ENDC at the same level of nesting.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1392 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1393 >Conditional expressions are only evaluated on the first assembly pass.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1394 It is not possible to game the assembly process by having a conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1395 change its value between assembly passes. Due to the underlying architecture
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1396 of LWASM, there is no possible utility to IFP1 and IFP2, nor can they, as of LWASM 3.0, actually
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1397 be implemented meaningfully. Thus there is not and never will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1398 be any equivalent of IFP1 or IFP2 as provided by other assemblers. Use of those opcodes
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1399 will throw a warning and be ignored.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1400 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1401 >It is important to note that if a conditional does not resolve to a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1402 during the first parsing pass, an error will be thrown. This is unavoidable because the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1403 must make a decision about which source to include and which source to exclude at this stage.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1404 Thus, expressions that work normally elsewhere will not work for conditions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1405 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1406 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1407 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1408 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1409 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1410 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1411 >IFEQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1412 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1413 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1414 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1415 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1416 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1417 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1418 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1419 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1420 > evaluates to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1421 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1422 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1423 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1424 >IFNE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1425 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1426 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1427 >, IF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1428 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1429 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1430 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1431 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1432 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1433 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1434 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1435 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1436 > evaluates to a non-zero value, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1437 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1438 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1439 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1440 >IFGT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1441 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1442 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1443 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1444 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1445 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1446 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1447 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1448 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1449 > evaluates to a value greater than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1450 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1451 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1452 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1453 >IFGE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1454 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1455 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1456 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1457 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1458 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1459 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1460 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1461 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1462 > evaluates to a value greater than or equal to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1463 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1464 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1465 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1466 >IFLT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1467 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1468 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1469 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1470 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1471 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1472 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1473 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1474 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1475 > evaluates to a value less than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1476 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1477 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1478 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1479 >IFLE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1480 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1481 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1482 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1483 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1484 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1485 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1486 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1487 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1488 > evaluates to a value less than or equal to zero , the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1489 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1490 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1491 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1492 >IFDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1493 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1494 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1495 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1496 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1497 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1498 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1499 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1500 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1501 > is defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1502 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1503 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1504 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1505 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1506 >IFNDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1507 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1508 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1509 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1510 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1511 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1512 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1513 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1514 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1515 > is not defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1516 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1517 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1518 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1519 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1520 >ELSE</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1521 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1522 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1523 >If the preceding conditional at the same level of nesting was false, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1524 statements following will be assembled. If the preceding conditional at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1525 the same level was true, the statements following will not be assembled.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1526 Note that the preceding conditional might have been another ELSE statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1527 although this behaviour is not guaranteed to be supported in future versions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1528 of LWASM.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1529 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1530 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1531 >ENDC</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1532 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1533 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1534 >This directive marks the end of a conditional construct. Every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1535 construct must end with an ENDC directive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1536 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1537 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1538 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1539 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1540 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1541 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1542 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1543 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1544 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1545 NAME="AEN466"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1546 >3.6.4. OS9 Target Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1547 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1548 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1549 >This section includes directives that apply solely to the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1550 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1551 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1552 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1553 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1554 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1555 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1556 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1557 >OS9 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1558 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1559 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1560 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1561 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1562 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1563 >&#13;This directive generates a call to the specified system call. <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1564 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1565 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1566 > may be an arbitrary expression.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1567 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1568 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1569 >MOD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1570 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1571 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1572 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1573 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1574 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1575 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1576 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1577 >type</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1578 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1579 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1580 >flags</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1581 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1582 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1583 >execoff</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1584 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1585 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1586 >datasize</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1587 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1588 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1589 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1590 >&#13;This tells LWASM that the beginning of the actual module is here. It will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1591 generate a module header based on the parameters specified. It will also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1592 begin calcuating the module CRC.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1593 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1594 >&#13;The precise meaning of the various parameters is beyond the scope of this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1595 document since it is not a tutorial on OS9 module programming.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1596 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1597 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1598 >EMOD</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1599 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1600 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1601 >&#13;This marks the end of a module and causes LWASM to emit the calculated CRC
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1602 for the module.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1603 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1604 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1605 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1606 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1607 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1608 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1609 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1610 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1611 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1612 NAME="AEN491"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1613 >3.6.5. Miscelaneous Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1614 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1615 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1616 >This section includes directives that do not fit into the other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1617 categories.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1618 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1619 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1620 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1621 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1622 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1623 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1624 >INCLUDE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1625 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1626 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1627 >, USE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1628 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1629 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1630 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1631 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1632 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1633 > Include the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1634 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1635 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1636 > at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1637 this point in the assembly as though it were a part of the file currently
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1638 being processed. Note that if whitespace appears in the name of the file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1639 you must enclose <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1640 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1641 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1642 > in quotes.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1643 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1644 >Note that the USE variation is provided only for compatibility with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1645 assemblers. It is recommended to use the INCLUDE variation.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1646 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1647 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1648 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1649 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1650 > begins with a &quot;/&quot;, it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1651 interpreted as an absolute path. If it does not, the search path will be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1652 to find the file. First, the directory containing the file that contains this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1653 directive. (Includes within an included file are relative to the included file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1654 not the file that included it.) If the file is not found there, the include path
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1655 is searched. If it is still not found, an error will be thrown. Note that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1656 current directory as understood by your shell or operating system is not searched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1657 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1658 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1659 >END <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1660 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1661 >[expr]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1662 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1663 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1664 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1665 >This directive causes the assembler to stop assembling immediately as though
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1666 it ran out of input. For the DECB target only, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1667 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1668 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1669 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1670 can be used to set the execution address of the resulting binary. For all
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1671 other targets, specifying <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1672 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1673 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1674 > will cause an error.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1675 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1676 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1677 >ERROR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1678 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1679 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1680 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1681 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1682 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1683 >Causes a custom error message to be printed at this line. This will cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1684 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1685 to cause assembly to fail if some condition that is known bad happens. Everything
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1686 from the directive to the end of the line is considered the error message.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1687 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1688 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1689 >WARNING <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1690 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1691 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1692 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1693 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1694 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1695 >Causes a custom warning message to be printed at this line. This will not cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1696 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1697 or include files to alert the programmer to a deprecated feature being used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1698 or some other condition that may cause trouble later, but which may, in fact,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1699 not cause any trouble.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1700 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1701 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1702 >.MODULE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1703 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1704 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1705 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1706 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1707 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1708 >This directive is ignored for most output targets. If the output target
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1709 supports encoding a module name into it, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1710 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1711 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1712 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1713 will be used as the module name.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1714 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1715 >As of version 3.0, no supported output targets support this directive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1716 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1717 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1718 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1719 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1720 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1721 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1722 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1723 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1724 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1725 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
1726 NAME="AEN531"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1727 >3.7. Macros</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1728 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1729 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1730 >LWASM is a macro assembler. A macro is simply a name that stands in for a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1731 series of instructions. Once a macro is defined, it is used like any other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1732 assembler directive. Defining a macro can be considered equivalent to adding
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1733 additional assembler directives.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1734 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1735 >Macros may accept parameters. These parameters are referenced within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1736 macro by the a backslash ("\") followed by a digit 1 through 9 for the first
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1737 through ninth parameters. They may also be referenced by enclosing the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1738 decimal parameter number in braces ("{num}"). The special expansion "\*"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1739 translates to the exact parameter string, including all parameters, passed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1740 to the macro. These parameter references are replaced with the verbatim text
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1741 of the parameter passed to the macro. A reference to a non-existent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1742 parameter will be replaced by an empty string. Macro parameters are expanded
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1743 everywhere on each source line. That means the parameter to a macro could be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1744 used as a symbol or it could even appear in a comment or could cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1745 entire source line to be commented out when the macro is expanded. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1746 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1747 >Parameters passed to a macro are separated by commas and the parameter list
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1748 is terminated by any whitespace. This means that neither a comma nor whitespace
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1749 may be included in a macro parameter.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1750 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1751 >Macro expansion is done recursively. That is, within a macro, macros are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1752 expanded. This can lead to infinite loops in macro expansion. If the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1753 hangs for a long time while assembling a file that uses macros, this may be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1754 the reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1755 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1756 >Each macro expansion receives its own local symbol context which is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1757 inherited by any macros called by it nor is it inherited from the context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1758 the macro was instantiated in. That means it is possible to use local symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1759 within macros without having them collide with symbols in other macros or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1760 outside the macro itself. However, this also means that using a local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1761 as a parameter to a macro, while legal, will not do what it would seem to do
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1762 as it will result in looking up the local symbol in the macro's symbol context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1763 rather than the enclosing context where it came from, likely yielding either
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1764 an undefined symbol error or bizarre assembly results.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1765 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1766 >Note that there is no way to define a macro as local to a symbol context. All
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1767 macros are part of the global macro namespace. However, macros have a separate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1768 namespace from symbols so it is possible to have a symbol with the same name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1769 as a macro.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1770 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1771 >Macros are defined only during the first pass. Macro expansion also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1772 only occurs during the first pass. On the second pass, the macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1773 definition is simply ignored. Macros must be defined before they are used.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1774 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1775 >The following directives are used when defining macros.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1776 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1777 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1778 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1779 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1780 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1781 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1782 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1783 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1784 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1785 > MACRO [NOEXPAND]</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1786 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1787 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1788 >This directive is used to being the definition of a macro called
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1789 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1790 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1791 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1792 >. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1793 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1794 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1795 > already
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1796 exists, it is considered an error. Attempting to define a macro within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1797 macro is undefined. It may work and it may not so the behaviour should not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1798 be relied upon.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1799 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1800 >If NOEXPAND is specified, the macro will not be expanded in a program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1801 listing. Instead, all bytes emitted by all instructions within the macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1802 will appear to be emitted on the line where the macro is invoked, starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1803 at the address of the line of the invokation. If the macro uses ORG or other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1804 directives that define symbols or change the assembly address, these things
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1805 will also be hidden (except in the symbol table) and the output bytes will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1806 appear with incorrect address attribution. Thus, NOEXPAND should only be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1807 used for macros that do not mess with the assembly address or otherwise
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1808 define symbols that should be visible.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1809 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1810 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1811 >ENDM</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1812 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1813 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1814 >This directive indicates the end of the macro currently being defined. It
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1815 causes the assembler to resume interpreting source lines as normal.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1816 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1817 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1818 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1819 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1820 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1821 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1822 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1823 CLASS="SECTION"
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parents:
diff changeset
1824 ><A
369
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parents: 348
diff changeset
1825 NAME="AEN554"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1826 >3.8. Structures</A
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parents:
diff changeset
1827 ></H2
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parents:
diff changeset
1828 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1829 >&#13;Structures are used to group related data in a fixed structure. A structure
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parents:
diff changeset
1830 consists a number of fields, defined in sequential order and which take up
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parents:
diff changeset
1831 specified size. The assembler does not enforce any means of access within a
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parents:
diff changeset
1832 structure; it assumes that whatever you are doing, you intended to do.
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parents:
diff changeset
1833 There are two pseudo ops that are used for defining structures.&#13;</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1834 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1835 ></P
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parents:
diff changeset
1836 ><DIV
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parents:
diff changeset
1837 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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parents:
diff changeset
1838 ><DL
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parents:
diff changeset
1839 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1840 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1841 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1842 >structname</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1843 > STRUCT</DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1844 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1845 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1846 >&#13;This directive is used to begin the definition of a structure with name
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parents:
diff changeset
1847 <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1848 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1849 >structname</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1850 >. Subsequent statements all form part of
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parents:
diff changeset
1851 the structure definition until the end of the structure is declared.&#13;</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1852 ></DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1853 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1854 >ENDSTRUCT, ENDS</DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1855 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1856 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1857 >This directive ends the definition of the structure. ENDSTRUCT is the
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parents:
diff changeset
1858 preferred form. Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS was used to end a
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parents:
diff changeset
1859 section instead of a structure.</P
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parents:
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1860 ></DD
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parents:
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1861 ></DL
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parents:
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1862 ></DIV
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parents:
diff changeset
1863 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1864 >&#13;Within a structure definition, only reservation pseudo ops are permitted.
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diff changeset
1865 Anything else will cause an assembly error.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1866 ><P
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parents:
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1867 > Once a structure is defined, you can reserve an area of memory in the
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1868 same structure by using the structure name as the opcode. Structures can
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diff changeset
1869 also contain fields that are themselves structures. See the example
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parents:
diff changeset
1870 below.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1871 ><PRE
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diff changeset
1872 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
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parents:
diff changeset
1873 >tstruct2 STRUCT
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diff changeset
1874 f1 rmb 1
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parents:
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1875 f2 rmb 1
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diff changeset
1876 ENDSTRUCT
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diff changeset
1877
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1878 tstruct STRUCT
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1879 field1 rmb 2
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1880 field2 rmb 3
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1881 field3 tstruct2
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1882 ENDSTRUCT
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1883
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1884 ORG $2000
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1885 var1 tstruct
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1886 var2 tstruct2</PRE
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1887 ><P
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1888 >Fields are referenced using a dot (.) as a separator. To refer to the
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diff changeset
1889 generic offset within a structure, use the structure name to the left of the
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diff changeset
1890 dot. If referring to a field within an actual variable, use the variable's
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diff changeset
1891 symbol name to the left of the dot.</P
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parents:
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1892 ><P
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parents:
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1893 >You can also refer to the actual size of a structure (or a variable
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diff changeset
1894 declared as a structure) using the special symbol sizeof{structname} where
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diff changeset
1895 structname will be the name of the structure or the name of the
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diff changeset
1896 variable.</P
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1897 ><P
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1898 >Essentially, structures are a shortcut for defining a vast number of
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diff changeset
1899 symbols. When a structure is defined, the assembler creates symbols for the
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1900 various fields in the form structname.fieldname as well as the appropriate
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diff changeset
1901 sizeof{structname} symbol. When a variable is declared as a structure, the
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diff changeset
1902 assembler does the same thing using the name of the variable. You will see
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diff changeset
1903 these symbols in the symbol table when the assembler is instructed to
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1904 provide a listing. For instance, the above listing will create the
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1905 following symbols (symbol values in parentheses): tstruct2.f1 (0),
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diff changeset
1906 tstruct2.f2 (1), sizeof{tstruct2} (2), tstruct.field1 (0), tstruct.field2
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lost@l-w.ca
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diff changeset
1907 (2), tstruct.field3 (5), tstruct.field3.f1 (5), tstruct.field3.f2 (6),
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diff changeset
1908 sizeof{tstruct.field3} (2), sizeof{tstruct} (7), var1 {$2000}, var1.field1
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1909 {$2000}, var1.field2 {$2002}, var1.field3 {$2005}, var1.field3.f1 {$2005},
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diff changeset
1910 var1.field3.f2 {$2006}, sizeof(var1.field3} (2), sizeof{var1} (7), var2
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1911 ($2007), var2.f1 ($2007), var2.f2 ($2008), sizeof{var2} (2). </P
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1912 ></DIV
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1913 ><DIV
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1914 CLASS="SECTION"
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diff changeset
1915 ><HR><H2
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1916 CLASS="SECTION"
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1917 ><A
369
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
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1918 NAME="AEN575"
153
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1919 >3.9. Object Files and Sections</A
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1920 ></H2
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diff changeset
1921 ><P
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1922 >The object file target is very useful for large project because it allows
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diff changeset
1923 multiple files to be assembled independently and then linked into the final
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diff changeset
1924 binary at a later time. It allows only the small portion of the project
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diff changeset
1925 that was modified to be re-assembled rather than requiring the entire set
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diff changeset
1926 of source code to be available to the assembler in a single assembly process.
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diff changeset
1927 This can be particularly important if there are a large number of macros,
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diff changeset
1928 symbol definitions, or other metadata that uses resources at assembly time.
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1929 By far the largest benefit, however, is keeping the source files small enough
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1930 for a mere mortal to find things in them.</P
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1931 ><P
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1932 >With multi-file projects, there needs to be a means of resolving references to
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1933 symbols in other source files. These are known as external references. The
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1934 addresses of these symbols cannot be known until the linker joins all the
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1935 object files into a single binary. This means that the assembler must be
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1936 able to output the object code without knowing the value of the symbol. This
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1937 places some restrictions on the code generated by the assembler. For
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1938 example, the assembler cannot generate direct page addressing for instructions
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1939 that reference external symbols because the address of the symbol may not
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1940 be in the direct page. Similarly, relative branches and PC relative addressing
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lost@l-w.ca
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1941 cannot be used in their eight bit forms. Everything that must be resolved
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1942 by the linker must be assembled to use the largest address size possible to
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1943 allow the linker to fill in the correct value at link time. Note that the
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1944 same problem applies to absolute address references as well, even those in
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1945 the same source file, because the address is not known until link time.</P
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1946 ><P
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1947 >It is often desired in multi-file projects to have code of various types grouped
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1948 together in the final binary generated by the linker as well. The same applies
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1949 to data. In order for the linker to do that, the bits that are to be grouped
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1950 must be tagged in some manner. This is where the concept of sections comes in.
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1951 Each chunk of code or data is part of a section in the object file. Then,
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1952 when the linker reads all the object files, it coalesces all sections of the
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1953 same name into a single section and then considers it as a unit.</P
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1954 ><P
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1955 >The existence of sections, however, raises a problem for symbols even
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1956 within the same source file. Thus, the assembler must treat symbols from
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1957 different sections within the same source file in the same manner as external
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1958 symbols. That is, it must leave them for the linker to resolve at link time,
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1959 with all the limitations that entails.</P
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parents:
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1960 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1961 >In the object file target mode, LWASM requires all source lines that
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1962 cause bytes to be output to be inside a section. Any directives that do
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1963 not cause any bytes to be output can appear outside of a section. This includes
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1964 such things as EQU or RMB. Even ORG can appear outside a section. ORG, however,
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1965 makes no sense within a section because it is the linker that determines
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1966 the starting address of the section's code, not the assembler.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1967 ><P
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parents:
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1968 >All symbols defined globally in the assembly process are local to the
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parents:
diff changeset
1969 source file and cannot be exported. All symbols defined within a section are
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parents:
diff changeset
1970 considered local to the source file unless otherwise explicitly exported.
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parents:
diff changeset
1971 Symbols referenced from external source files must be declared external,
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parents:
diff changeset
1972 either explicitly or by asking the assembler to assume that all undefined
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parents:
diff changeset
1973 symbols are external.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1974 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1975 >It is often handy to define a number of memory addresses that will be
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parents:
diff changeset
1976 used for data at run-time but which need not be included in the binary file.
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parents:
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1977 These memory addresses are not initialized until run-time, either by the
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parents:
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1978 program itself or by the program loader, depending on the operating environment.
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parents:
diff changeset
1979 Such sections are often known as BSS sections. LWASM supports generating
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parents:
diff changeset
1980 sections with a BSS attribute set which causes the section definition including
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parents:
diff changeset
1981 symbols exported from that section and those symbols required to resolve
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1982 references from the local file, but with no actual code in the object file.
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parents:
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1983 It is illegal for any source lines within a BSS flagged section to cause any
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parents:
diff changeset
1984 bytes to be output.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1985 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1986 >The following directives apply to section handling.</P
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parents:
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1987 ><P
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parents:
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1988 ></P
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parents:
diff changeset
1989 ><DIV
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parents:
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1990 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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parents:
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1991 ><DL
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parents:
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1992 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1993 >SECTION <CODE
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parents:
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1994 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
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1995 >name[,flags]</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1996 >, SECT <CODE
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parents:
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1997 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
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1998 >name[,flags]</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1999 >, .AREA <CODE
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parents:
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2000 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
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2001 >name[,flags]</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2002 ></DT
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parents:
diff changeset
2003 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
2004 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2005 >Instructs the assembler that the code following this directive is to be
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parents:
diff changeset
2006 considered part of the section <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2007 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
2008 >name</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2009 >. A section name
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parents:
diff changeset
2010 may appear multiple times in which case it is as though all the code from
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parents:
diff changeset
2011 all the instances of that section appeared adjacent within the source file.
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parents:
diff changeset
2012 However, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2013 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
2014 >flags</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2015 > may only be specified on the first
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parents:
diff changeset
2016 instance of the section.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
2017 ><P
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2018 ><CODE
153
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parents:
diff changeset
2019 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
2020 >flags</CODE
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2021 > is a comma separated list of flags. If a
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2022 flag is "bss", the section will be treated as a BSS section and no
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2023 statements that generate output are permitted.</P
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2024 ><P
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diff changeset
2025 >If the flag is "constant",
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2026 the same restrictions apply as for BSS sections. Additionally, all symbols
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2027 defined in a constant section define absolute values and will not be
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2028 adjusted by the linker at link time. Constant sections cannot define
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2029 complex expressions for symbols; the value must be fully defined at assembly
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2030 time. Additionally, multiple instances of a constant section do not
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2031 coalesce into a single addressing unit; each instance starts again at offset
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2032 0.</P
153
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parents:
diff changeset
2033 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
2034 >If the section name is "bss" or ".bss" in any combination of upper and
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2035 lower case, the section is assumed to be a BSS section. In that case,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2036 the flag <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2037 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
2038 >!bss</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2039 > can be used to override this assumption.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
2040 ><P
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2041 > If the section name is "_constants" or "_constant", in any
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2042 combination of upper and lower case, the section is assumed to be a constant
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2043 section. This assumption can be overridden with the "!constant"
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2044 flag.</P
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2045 ><P
153
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parents:
diff changeset
2046 >If assembly is already happening within a section, the section is implicitly
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2047 ended and the new section started. This is not considered an error although
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2048 it is recommended that all sections be explicitly closed.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2049 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2050 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2051 >ENDSECTION, ENDSECT</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2052 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2053 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2054 >This directive ends the current section. This puts assembly outside of any
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2055 sections until the next SECTION directive. ENDSECTION is the preferred form.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2056 Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS could also be used to end a section but
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2057 as of version 3.0, it is now an alias for ENDSTRUCT instead.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2058 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2059 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2060 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2061 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2062 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2063 > EXTERN, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2064 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2065 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2066 > EXTERNAL, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2067 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2068 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2069 > IMPORT</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2070 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2071 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2072 >This directive defines <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2073 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2074 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2075 > as an external symbol.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2076 This directive may occur at any point in the source code. EXTERN definitions
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2077 are resolved on the first pass so an EXTERN definition anywhere in the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2078 source file is valid for the entire file. The use of this directive is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2079 optional when the assembler is instructed to assume that all undefined
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2080 symbols are external. In fact, in that mode, if the symbol is referenced
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2081 before the EXTERN directive, an error will occur.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
2082 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2083 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2084 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2085 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2086 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2087 > EXPORT, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2088 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2089 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2090 > .GLOBL, EXPORT <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2091 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2092 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2093 >, .GLOBL <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2094 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2095 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2096 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2097 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2098 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2099 >This directive defines <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2100 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2101 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2102 > as an exported symbol.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2103 This directive may occur at any point in the source code, even before the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2104 definition of the exported symbol.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2105 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2106 >Note that <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2107 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2108 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2109 > may appear as the operand or as the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2110 statement's symbol. If there is a symbol on the statement, that will
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2111 take precedence over any operand that is present.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
2112 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2113 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2114 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2115 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2116 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2117 > EXTDEP</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2118 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2119 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2120 >This directive forces an external dependency on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2121 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2122 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2123 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2124 >, even if it is never referenced anywhere else in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2125 this file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2126 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2127 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2128 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2129 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2130 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2131 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2132 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2133 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2134 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2135 NAME="AEN639"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2136 >3.10. Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2137 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2138 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2139 >There are a number of options that affect the way assembly is performed.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2140 Some of these options can only be specified on the command line because
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2141 they determine something absolute about the assembly process. These include
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2142 such things as the output target. Other things may be switchable during
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2143 the assembly process. These are known as pragmas and are, by definition,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2144 not portable between assemblers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2145 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2146 >LWASM supports a number of pragmas that affect code generation or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2147 otherwise affect the behaviour of the assembler. These may be specified by
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2148 way of a command line option or by assembler directives. The directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2149 are as follows.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2150 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2151 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2152 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2153 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2154 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2155 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2156 >PRAGMA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2157 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2158 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2159 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2160 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2161 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2162 >Specifies that the assembler should bring into force all <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2163 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2164 >pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2165 >s
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2166 specified. Any unrecognized pragma will cause an assembly error. The new
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2167 pragmas will take effect immediately. This directive should be used when
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2168 the program will assemble incorrectly if the pragma is ignored or not supported.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2169 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2170 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2171 >*PRAGMA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2172 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2173 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2174 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2175 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2176 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2177 >This is identical to the PRAGMA directive except no error will occur with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2178 unrecognized or unsupported pragmas. This directive, by virtue of starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2179 with a comment character, will also be ignored by assemblers that do not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2180 support this directive. Use this variation if the pragma is not required
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2181 for correct functioning of the code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2182 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2183 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2184 >*PRAGMAPUSH <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2185 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2186 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2187 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2188 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2189 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2190 >This directive saves the current state of the specified pragma(s) for later retrieval. See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2191 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2192 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2193 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2194 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2195 >*PRAGMAPOP <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2196 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2197 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2198 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2199 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2200 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2201 >This directive restores the previously saved state of the specified pragma(s). See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2202 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2203 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2204 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2205 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2206 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2207 ><P
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2208 >Each pragma supported has a positive version and a negative version.
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2209 The positive version enables the pragma while the negative version disables
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2210 it. The negatitve version is simply the positive version with "no" prefixed
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2211 to it. For instance, "pragma" vs. "nopragma". When only one version is
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2212 listed below, its opposite can be obtained by prepending "no" if it is not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2213 present or removing "no" from the beginning if it is present.</P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2214 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2215 >Pragmas are not case sensitive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2216 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2217 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2218 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2219 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2220 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2221 ><DT
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2222 >6800compat</DT
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2223 ><DD
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2224 ><P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2225 >When in force, this pragma enables recognition of various
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2226 compatibility instructions useful when assembling 6800 code. These
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2227 compatibility instructions are assembled into equivalent 6809 instructions.
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2228 This mode also includes several analogous instructions which are not
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2229 strictly 6800 instructions but allow the similar style to be applied to 6809
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2230 specific features.</P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2231 ><P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2232 >Technically, a compliant 6809 assembler must recognize these
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2233 instructions by default since Motorola advertised the 6809 as being source
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2234 compatible with the 6800. However, most source code does not require this
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2235 compatibility and LWASM itself did not support these instructions prior to
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2236 version 4.11 so this mode is disabled by default.</P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2237 ></DD
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2238 ><DT
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2239 >index0tonone</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2240 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2241 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2242 >When in force, this pragma enables an optimization affecting indexed addressing
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2243 modes. When the offset expression in an indexed mode evaluates to zero but is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2244 not explicity written as 0, this will replace the operand with the equivalent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2245 no offset mode, thus creating slightly faster code. Because of the advantages
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2246 of this optimization, it is enabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2247 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2248 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2249 >cescapes</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2250 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2251 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2252 >This pragma will cause strings in the FCC, FCS, and FCN pseudo operations to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2253 have C-style escape sequences interpreted. The one departure from the official
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2254 spec is that unrecognized escape sequences will return either the character
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2255 immediately following the backslash or some undefined value. Do not rely
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2256 on the behaviour of undefined escape sequences.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2257 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2258 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2259 >importundefexport</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2260 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2261 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2262 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2263 in force, it will cause the EXPORT directive to act as IMPORT if the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2264 to be exported is not defined. This is provided for compatibility with the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2265 output of gcc6809 and should not be used in hand written code. Because of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2266 the confusion this pragma can cause, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2267 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2268 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2269 >undefextern</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2270 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2271 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2272 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2273 force, if the assembler sees an undefined symbol on the second pass, it will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2274 automatically define it as an external symbol. This automatic definition will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2275 apply for the remainder of the assembly process, even if the pragma is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2276 subsequently turned off. Because this behaviour would be potentially surprising,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2277 this pragma defaults to off.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2278 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2279 >The primary use for this pragma is for projects that share a large number of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2280 symbols between source files. In such cases, it is impractical to enumerate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2281 all the external references in every source file. This allows the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2282 and linker to do the heavy lifting while not preventing a particular source
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2283 module from defining a local symbol of the same name as an external symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2284 if it does not need the external symbol. (This pragma will not cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2285 automatic external definition if there is already a locally defined symbol.)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2286 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2287 >This pragma will often be specified on the command line for large projects.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2288 However, depending on the specific dynamics of the project, it may be sufficient
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2289 for one or two files to use this pragma internally.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2290 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2291 ><DT
253
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2292 >export</DT
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2293 ><DD
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2294 ><P
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2295 >This pragma causes all symbols to be added to the export list
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2296 automatically. This is useful when a large number of symbols need to be
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2297 exported but you do not wish to include an EXPORT directive for all of them.
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2298 This is often useful on the command line but might be useful even inline
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2299 with the PRAGMA directive if a large number of symbols in a row are to be
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2300 exported.</P
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2301 ></DD
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2302 ><DT
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2303 >dollarlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2304 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2305 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2306 >When set, a "$" in a symbol makes it local. When not set, "$" does not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2307 cause a symbol to be local. It is set by default except when using the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2308 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2309 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2310 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2311 >dollarnotlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2312 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2313 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2314 > This is the same as the "dollarlocal" pragma except its sense is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2315 reversed. That is, "dollarlocal" and "nodollarnotlocal" are equivalent and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2316 "nodollarlocal" and "dollarnotlocal" are equivalent. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2317 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2318 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2319 >pcaspcr</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2320 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2321 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2322 > Normally, LWASM makes a distinction between PC and PCR in program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2323 counter relative addressing. In particular, the use of PC means an absolute
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2324 offset from PC while PCR causes the assembler to calculate the offset to the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2325 specified operand and use that as the offset from PC. By setting this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2326 pragma, you can have PC treated the same as PCR. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2327 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2328 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2329 >shadow</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2330 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2331 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2332 >When this pragma is in effect, it becomes possible to define a macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2333 that matches an internal operation code. Thus, it makes it possible to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2334 redefine either CPU instructions or pseudo operations. Because this feature
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2335 is of dubious utility, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2336 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2337 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2338 >nolist</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2339 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2340 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2341 >Lines where this pragma is in effect will not appear in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2342 listing. Also, any symbols defined under this pragma will not show up in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2343 the symbol list. This is most useful in include files to avoid spamming the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2344 assembly listing with dozens, hundreds, or thousands of irrelevant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2345 symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2346 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2347 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2348 >autobranchlength</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2349 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2350 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2351 >One of the perennial annoyances for 6809 programmers is that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2352 mneumonics for the short and long branch instructions are different (bxx vs.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2353 lbxx), which is at odds with the rest of the instruction set. This pragma
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2354 is a solution to those annoying byte overflow errors that short branch
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2355 instructions tend to aquire.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2356 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2357 >When this pragma is in effect, which is not the default, whenever any
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2358 relative branch instruction is used, its size will be automatically
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2359 determined based on the actual distance to the destination. In other words,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2360 one can write code with long or short branches everywhere and the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2361 will choose a size for the branch.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2362 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2363 >Also, while this pragma is in effect, the &#62; and &#60; symbols can be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2364 to force the branch size, analogous to their use for other instructions with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2365 &#60; forcing 8 bit offsets and &#62; forcing 16 bit offets.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2366 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2367 >Because this pragma leads to source that is incompatible with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2368 assemblers, it is strongly recommended that it be invoked using the PRAGMA
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2369 directive within the source code rather than on the command line or via the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2370 *PRAGMA directive. This way, an error will be raised if someone tries to
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2371 assemble the code under a different assembler.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2372 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2373 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2374 >nosymbolcase, symbolnocase</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2375 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2376 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2377 >Any symbol defined while this pragma is in force will be treated as
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2378 case insensitive, regardless whether the pragma is in force when the symbol
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2379 is referenced.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2380 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2381 >It is important to note that this pragma will not work as expected in
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2382 all cases when using the object file assembly target. It is intended for
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2383 use only when the assembler will be producing the final binary.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2384 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2385 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2386 >condundefzero</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2387 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2388 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2389 >This pragma will cause the assembler to change the way it handles
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2390 symbols in conditional expressions. Ordinarily, any symbol that is not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2391 defined prior to the conditional will throw an undefined symbol error. With
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2392 this pragma in effect, symbols that are not yet defined at the point the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2393 conditional is encountered will be treated as zero.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2394 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2395 >This is not the default because it encourages poor code design. One
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2396 should use the "IFDEF" or "IFNDEF" conditionals to test for the presence of
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2397 a symbol.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2398 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2399 >It is important to note that if a symbol is defined but it does not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2400 yet evaluate to a constant value at the point where the conditional appears,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2401 the assembler will still complain about a non constant condition.</P
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2402 ></DD
347
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2403 ><DT
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2404 >forwardrefmax</DT
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2405 ><DD
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2406 ><P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2407 >This pragma will disable forward reference optimization completely.
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2408 Ordinarily, LWASM will attempt to select the shortest possible addressing
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2409 mode for forward references. However, in many source files, especially
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2410 those not using the PCR relative addressing modes, this optimization is
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2411 pointless since the assembler will almost certainly settle on a 16 bit
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2412 offset or address. If all variables in the direct page are defined before
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2413 the main body of the code, the benefit of forward reference optimization
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2414 almost certainly vanishes completely. However, the cost of doing that
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2415 optimization remains and can result in a very long assembly time.</P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2416 ><P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2417 >Enabling this pragma will cause all forward references to use the
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2418 maximum offset or address size, much the same has EDTASM and other pure
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2419 two pass assemblers do. The side effect is that all line lengths and
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2420 symbol values are fully resolved after the initial parsing pass and the
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2421 amount of work to resolve everything becomes almost nil.</P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2422 ><P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2423 >While this pragma can be applied selectively to sections of source
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2424 code (use *PRAGMA if doing so and compatibility with other assemblers
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2425 is desired), it is likely more useful when provided as a command line
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2426 pragma.</P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2427 ><P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2428 >It should be noted that the presence or absence of this pragma
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2429 will not change the correctness of the generated code unless cycle counts
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2430 or byte counts are critical (which they usually are not). It also will
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2431 not override the operand size override prefixes (&lt; and &gt;). It only
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2432 applies when the assembler is left to guess what the operand size is.</P
330a66a0f45a Document the forwardrefmax pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 345
diff changeset
2433 ></DD
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2434 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2435 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2436 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2437 >As a convenience, each input file has a pragma state stack. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2438 allows, through the use of *PRAGMAPUSH and *PRAGMAPOP, a file to change a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2439 pragma state and then restore it to the precise state it had previously.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2440 If, at the end of an input file, all pragma states have not been popped,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2441 they will be removed from the stack. Thus, it is critical to employ
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2442 *PRAGMAPOP correctly. Because each input file has its own pragma stack,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2443 using *PRAGMAPUSH in one file and *PRAGMAPOP in another file will not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2444 work.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2445 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2446 >Pragma stacks are more useful in include files, in particular in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2447 conjunction with the nolist pragma. One can push the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2448 pragma, engage the nolist pragma, and then pop the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2449 pragma at the end of the include file. This will cause the entire include
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2450 file to operate under the nolist pragma. However, if the file is included
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2451 while nolist is already engaged, it will not undo that state.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2452 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2453 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2454 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2455 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2456 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2457 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2458 NAME="AEN745"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2459 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2460 >Chapter 4. LWLINK</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2461 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2462 >The LWTOOLS linker is called LWLINK. This chapter documents the various features
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2463 of the linker.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2464 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2465 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2466 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2467 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2468 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2469 NAME="AEN748"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2470 >4.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2471 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2472 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2473 >The binary for LWLINK is called "lwlink". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2474 case. lwlink takes the following command line arguments.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2475 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2476 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2477 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2478 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2479 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2480 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2481 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2482 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2483 >--decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2484 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2485 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2486 >-b</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2487 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2488 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2489 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2490 >Selects the DECB output format target. This is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2491 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2492 >--format=decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2493 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2494 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2495 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2496 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2497 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2498 >--output=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2499 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2500 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2501 >-o FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2502 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2503 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2504 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2505 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2506 default is <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2507 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2508 >a.out</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2509 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2510 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2511 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2512 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2513 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2514 >--format=TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2515 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2516 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2517 >-f TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2518 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2519 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2520 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2521 >This option specifies the output format. Valid values are <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2522 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2523 >decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2524 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2525 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2526 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2527 >raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2528 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2529 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2530 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2531 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2532 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2533 >--raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2534 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2535 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2536 >-r</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2537 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2538 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2539 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2540 >This option specifies the raw output format.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2541 It is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2542 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2543 >--format=raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2544 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2545 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2546 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2547 >-f raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2548 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2549 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2550 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2551 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2552 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2553 >--script=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2554 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2555 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2556 >-s</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2557 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2558 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2559 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2560 >This option allows specifying a linking script to override the linker's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2561 built in defaults.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2562 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2563 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2564 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2565 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2566 >--section-base=SECT=BASE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2567 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2568 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2569 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2570 >Cause section SECT to load at base address BASE. This will be prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2571 to the built-in link script. It is ignored if a link script is provided.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2572 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2573 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2574 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2575 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2576 >--map=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2577 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2578 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2579 >-m FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2580 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2581 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2582 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2583 >This will output a description of the link result to FILE.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2584 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2585 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2586 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2587 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2588 >--library=LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2589 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2590 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2591 >-l LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2592 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2593 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2594 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2595 >Load a library using the library search path. LIBSPEC will have "lib" prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2596 and ".a" appended.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2597 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2598 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2599 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2600 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2601 >--library-path=DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2602 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2603 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2604 >-L DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2605 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2606 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2607 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2608 >Add DIR to the library search path.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2609 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2610 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2611 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2612 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2613 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2614 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2615 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2616 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2617 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2618 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2619 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2620 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2621 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2622 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2623 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2624 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2625 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2626 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2627 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2628 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2629 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2630 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2631 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2632 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2633 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2634 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2635 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2636 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2637 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2638 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2639 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2640 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2641 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2642 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2643 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2644 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2645 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2646 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2647 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2648 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2649 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2650 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2651 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2652 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2653 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2654 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2655 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2656 >This will display the version of LWLINK.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2657 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2658 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2659 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2660 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2661 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2662 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2663 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2664 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2665 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2666 NAME="AEN845"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2667 >4.2. Linker Operation</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2668 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2669 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2670 >&#13;LWLINK takes one or more files in supported input formats and links them
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2671 into a single binary. Currently supported formats are the LWTOOLS object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2672 file format and the archive format used by LWAR. While the precise method is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2673 slightly different, linking can be conceptualized as the following steps.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2674 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2675 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2676 ><OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2677 TYPE="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2678 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2679 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2680 >First, the linker loads a linking script. If no script is specified, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2681 loads a built-in default script based on the output format selected. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2682 script tells the linker how to lay out the various sections in the final
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2683 binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2684 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2685 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2686 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2687 >Next, the linker reads all the input files into memory. At this time, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2688 flags any format errors in those files. It constructs a table of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2689 for each object at this time.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2690 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2691 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2692 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2693 >The linker then proceeds with organizing the sections loaded from each file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2694 according to the linking script. As it does so, it is able to assign addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2695 to each symbol defined in each object file. At this time, the linker may
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2696 also collapse different instances of the same section name into a single
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2697 section by appending the data from each subsequent instance of the section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2698 to the first instance of the section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2699 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2700 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2701 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2702 >Next, the linker looks through every object file for every incomplete reference.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2703 It then attempts to fully resolve that reference. If it cannot do so, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2704 throws an error. Once a reference is resolved, the value is placed into
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2705 the binary code at the specified section. It should be noted that an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2706 incomplete reference can reference either a symbol internal to the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2707 file or an external symbol which is in the export list of another object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2708 file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2709 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2710 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2711 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2712 >If all of the above steps are successful, the linker opens the output file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2713 and actually constructs the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2714 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2715 ></OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2716 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2717 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2718 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2719 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2720 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2721 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2722 NAME="AEN859"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2723 >4.3. Linking Scripts</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2724 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2725 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2726 >A linker script is used to instruct the linker about how to assemble the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2727 various sections into a completed binary. It consists of a series of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2728 directives which are considered in the order they are encountered.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2729 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2730 >The sections will appear in the resulting binary in the order they are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2731 specified in the script file. If a referenced section is not found, the linker will behave as though the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2732 section did exist but had a zero size, no relocations, and no exports.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2733 A section should only be referenced once. Any subsequent references will have
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2734 an undefined effect.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2735 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2736 >All numbers are in linking scripts are specified in hexadecimal. All directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2737 are case sensitive although the hexadecimal numbers are not.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2738 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2739 >A section name can be specified as a "*", then any section not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2740 already matched by the script will be matched. The "*" can be followed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2741 by a comma and a flag to narrow the section down slightly, also.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2742 If the flag is "!bss", then any section that is not flagged as a bss section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2743 will be matched. If the flag is "bss", then any section that is flagged as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2744 bss will be matched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2745 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2746 >The following directives are understood in a linker script.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2747 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2748 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2749 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2750 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2751 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2752 ><DT
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2753 >sectopt <CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2754 CLASS="PARAMETER"
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2755 >section</CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2756 > padafter <CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2757 CLASS="PARAMETER"
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2758 >byte,...</CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2759 ></DT
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2760 ><DD
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2761 ><P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2762 >&#13;This will cause the linker to append the specified list of byte values
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2763 (specified in hexadecimal separated by commas) to the end of the named
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2764 section. This is done once all instances of the specified section are
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2765 collected together. This has no effect if the specified section does not
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2766 appear anywhere in any of the objects specified for linking. &#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2767 ><P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2768 >&#13;If code depends on the presence of this padding somewhere, it is sufficient
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2769 to include an empty section of the specified name in the object that depends
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2770 on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2771 ></DD
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2772 ><DT
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2773 >define basesympat <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2774 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2775 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2776 ></DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2777 ><DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2778 ><P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2779 >&#13;This causes the linker to define a symbol for the ultimate base address of
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2780 each section using the pattern specified by <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2781 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2782 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2783 >.
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2784 In the string, %s can appear exactly once and will be replaced with the
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2785 section name. The base address is calculated after all instances of each
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2786 section have been collapsed together.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2787 ><P
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2788 >&#13;It should be noted that if none of the objects to be linked contains a
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2789 particular section name, there will be no base symbol defined for it, even
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2790 if it is listed explicitly in the link script. If code depends on the
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2791 presence of these symbols, it is sufficient to include an empty section of
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2792 the specified name in the object that depends on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2793 ><P
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2794 > If the pattern resolves to the same string for multiple
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2795 sections, the results are undefined.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2796 ></DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2797 ><DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2798 >define lensympat <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2799 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2800 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2801 ></DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2802 ><DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2803 ><P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2804 >&#13;This causes the linker to define a symbol for the ultimate length of each
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2805 section using the pattern specified by <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2806 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2807 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2808 >. In
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2809 the string, %s can appear exactly once and will be replaced with the section
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2810 name. The length is calculated after all instances of a section have been
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2811 collapsed together.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2812 ><P
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2813 >&#13;It should be noted that if none of the objects to be linked contains a
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2814 particular section name, there will be no length symbol defined for it, even
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2815 if it is listed explicitly in the link script. If code depends on the
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2816 presence of these symbols, it is sufficient to include an empty section of
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2817 the specified name in the object that depends on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2818 ><P
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2819 >If the pattern resolves to the same string for multiple
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2820 sections, the results are undefined.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2821 ></DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2822 ><DT
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2823 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2824 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2825 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2826 > load <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2827 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2828 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2829 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2830 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2831 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2832 >&#13;This causes the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2833 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2834 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2835 > to load at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2836 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2837 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2838 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2839 >. For the raw target, only one "load at" entry is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2840 allowed for non-bss sections and it must be the first one. For raw targets,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2841 it affects the addresses the linker assigns to symbols but has no other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2842 affect on the output. bss sections may all have separate load addresses but
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2843 since they will not appear in the binary anyway, this is okay.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2844 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2845 >For the decb target, each "load" entry will cause a new "block" to be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2846 output to the binary which will contain the load address. It is legal for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2847 sections to overlap in this manner - the linker assumes the loader will sort
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2848 everything out.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2849 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2850 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2851 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2852 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2853 >name</CODE
316
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2854 > high <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2855 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2856 >addr</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2857 ></DT
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2858 ><DD
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2859 ><P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2860 >&#13;This causes the section <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2861 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2862 >name</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2863 > to load with its end
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2864 address just below <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2865 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2866 >addr</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2867 >. Subsequent sections are
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2868 loaded at progressively lower addresses. This may lead to inefficient file
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2869 encoding for some targets. As of this writing, it will also almost
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2870 certainly do the wrong thing for a raw target.&#13;</P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2871 ><P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2872 >&#13;This is useful for aligning a block of code with high memory. As an
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2873 example, if the total size of a section is $100 bytes and a high address of
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2874 $FE00 is specified, the section will actually load at $FD00.&#13;</P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2875 ></DD
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2876 ><DT
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2877 >section <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2878 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2879 >name</CODE
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2880 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2881 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2882 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2883 >&#13;This will cause the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2884 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2885 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2886 > to load after the previously listed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2887 section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2888 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2889 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2890 >entry <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2891 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2892 >addr or sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2893 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2894 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2895 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2896 >This will cause the execution address (entry point) to be the address
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2897 specified (in hex) or the specified symbol name. The symbol name must
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2898 match a symbol that is exported by one of the object files being linked.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2899 This has no effect for targets that do not encode the entry point into the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2900 resulting file. If not specified, the entry point is assumed to be address 0
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2901 which is probably not what you want. The default link scripts for targets
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2902 that support this directive automatically starts at the beginning of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2903 first section (usually "init" or "code") that is emitted in the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2904 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2905 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2906 >pad <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2907 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2908 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2909 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2910 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2911 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2912 >This will cause the output file to be padded with NUL bytes to be exactly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2913 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2914 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2915 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2916 > bytes in length. This only makes sense for a raw target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2917 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2918 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2919 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2920 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2921 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2922 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2923 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2924 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2925 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2926 NAME="AEN925"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2927 >4.4. Format Specific Linking Notes</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2928 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2929 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2930 >Some formats require special information to be able to generate actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2931 binaries. If the specific format you are interested in is not listed in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2932 this section, then there is nothing special you need to know about to create
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2933 a final binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2934 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2935 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2936 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2937 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2938 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
2939 NAME="AEN928"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2940 >4.4.1. OS9 Modules</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2941 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2942 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2943 >OS9 modules need to embed several items into the module header. These
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2944 items are the type of module, the langauge of the module, the module
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2945 attributes, the module revision number, the data size (bss), and the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2946 execution offset. These are all either calculated or default to reasonable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2947 values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2948 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2949 >The data size is calcuated as the sum of all sections named "bss" or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2950 ".bss" in all object files that are linked together.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2951 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2952 >The execution offset is calculated from the address of the special
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2953 symbol "__start" which must be an exported (external) symbol in one of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2954 objects to be linked.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2955 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2956 >The type defaults to "Prgrm" or "Program module". The language
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2957 defaults to "Objct" or "6809 object code". Attributes default to enabling
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2958 the re-entrant flag. And finally, the revision defaults to zero.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2959 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2960 >The embedded module name is the output filename. If the output
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2961 filename includes more than just the filename, this will probably not be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2962 what you want.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2963 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2964 >The type, language, attributes, revision, and module name can all be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2965 overridden by providing a special section in exactly one of the object files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2966 to be linked. This section is called "__os9" (note the two underscores).
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2967 To override the type, language, attributes, or revision values, define a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2968 non-exported symbol in this section called "type", "lang", "attr", or "rev"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2969 respectively. Any other symbols defined are ignored. To override the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2970 module name, include as the only actual code in the section a NUL terminated
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2971 string (the FCN directive is useful for this). If there is no code in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2972 section or it beings with a NUL, the default name will be used. Any of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2973 preceeding that are not defined in the special section will retain their
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2974 default values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2975 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2976 >The built-in link script for OS9 modules will place the following
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2977 sections, in order, in the module: "code", ".text", "data", ".data". It
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2978 will merge all sections with the name "bss" or ".bss" into the "data"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2979 section. All other section names are ignored. What this means is that you
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2980 must define your data variables in the a section called "bss" or ".bss" even
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2981 though you will be refencing them all as offsets from U. This does have the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2982 unpleasant side effect that all BSS references will end up being 16 bit
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2983 offsets because the assembler cannot know what the offset will be once the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2984 linker is finished its work. Thus, if the tightest possible code is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2985 required, having LWASM directly output the module is a better choice.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2986 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2987 >While the built-in link script is probably sufficient for most
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2988 purposes, you can provide your own script. If you provide a custom link
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2989 script, you must start your code and data sections at location 000D to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2990 accommodate the module header. Otherwise, you will have an incorrect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2991 location for the execution offset. You must use the ENTRY directive in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2992 script to define the entry point for the module.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2993 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2994 >It should also be obvious from the above that you cannot mix the bss
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2995 (rmb) definitions with the module code when linking separately. Those
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2996 familiar with typical module creation will probably find this an unpleasant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2997 difference but it is unavoidable.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2998 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2999 >It should also be noted that direct page references should also be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3000 avoided because you cannot know ahead of time whether the linker is going to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3001 end up putting a particular variable in the first 256 bytes of the module's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3002 data space. If, however, you know for certain you will have less than 256
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3003 bytes of defined data space across all of the object files that will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3004 linked, you can instead use forced DP addressing for your data addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3005 instead of the ,u notation. When linking with 3rd party libraries, this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3006 practice should be avoided. Also, when creating libraries, always use the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3007 offset from U technique.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3008 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3009 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3010 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3011 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3012 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3013 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3014 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
3015 NAME="AEN940"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3016 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3017 >Chapter 5. Libraries and LWAR</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3018 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3019 >LWTOOLS also includes a tool for managing libraries. These are analogous to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3020 the static libraries created with the "ar" tool on POSIX systems. Each library
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3021 file contains one or more object files. The linker will treat the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3022 files within a library as though they had been specified individually on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3023 the command line except when resolving external references. External references
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3024 are looked up first within the object files within the library and then, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3025 not found, the usual lookup based on the order the files are specified on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3026 the command line occurs.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3027 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3028 >The tool for creating these libary files is called LWAR.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3029 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3030 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3031 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3032 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3033 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
3034 NAME="AEN944"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3035 >5.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3036 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3037 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3038 >The binary for LWAR is called "lwar". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3039 case. The options lwar understands are listed below. For archive manipulation
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3040 options, the first non-option argument is the name of the archive. All other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3041 non-option arguments are the names of files to operate on.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3042 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3043 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3044 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3045 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3046 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3047 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3048 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3049 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3050 >--add</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3051 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3052 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3053 >-a</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3054 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3055 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3056 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3057 >This option specifies that an archive is going to have files added to it.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3058 If the archive does not already exist, it is created. New files are added
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3059 to the end of the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3060 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3061 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3062 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3063 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3064 >--create</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3065 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3066 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3067 >-c</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3068 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3069 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3070 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3071 >This option specifies that an archive is going to be created and have files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3072 added to it. If the archive already exists, it is truncated.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3073 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3074 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3075 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3076 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3077 >--merge</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3078 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3079 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3080 >-m</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3081 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3082 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3083 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3084 >If specified, any files specified to be added to an archive will be checked
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3085 to see if they are archives themselves. If so, their constituent members are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3086 added to the archive. This is useful for avoiding archives containing archives.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3087 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3088 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3089 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3090 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3091 >--list</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3092 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3093 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3094 >-l</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3095 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3096 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3097 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3098 >This will display a list of the files contained in the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3099 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3100 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3101 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3102 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3103 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3104 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3105 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3106 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3107 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3108 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3109 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3110 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3111 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3112 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3113 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3114 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3115 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3116 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3117 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3118 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3119 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3120 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3121 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3122 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3123 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3124 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3125 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3126 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3127 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3128 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3129 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3130 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3131 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3132 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3133 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3134 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3135 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3136 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3137 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3138 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3139 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3140 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3141 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3142 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3143 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3144 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3145 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3146 >This will display the version of LWLINK.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3147 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3148 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3149 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3150 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3151 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3152 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3153 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3154 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3155 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3156 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3157 NAME="OBJCHAP"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3158 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3159 >Chapter 6. Object Files</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3160 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3161 >LWTOOLS uses a proprietary object file format. It is proprietary in the sense
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3162 that it is specific to LWTOOLS, not that it is a hidden format. It would be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3163 hard to keep it hidden in an open source tool chain anyway. This chapter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3164 documents the object file format.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3165 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3166 >An object file consists of a series of sections each of which contains a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3167 list of exported symbols, a list of incomplete references, and a list of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3168 "local" symbols which may be used in calculating incomplete references. Each
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3169 section will obviously also contain the object code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3170 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3171 >Exported symbols must be completely resolved to an address within the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3172 section it is exported from. That is, an exported symbol must be a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3173 rather than defined in terms of other symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3174 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3175 >Each object file starts with a magic number and version number. The magic
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3176 number is the string "LWOBJ16" for this 16 bit object file format. The only
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3177 defined version number is currently 0. Thus, the first 8 bytes of the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3178 file are <FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3179 COLOR="RED"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3180 >4C574F424A313600</FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3181 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3182 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3183 >Each section has the following items in order:</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3184 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3185 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3186 ><UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3187 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3188 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3189 >section name</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3190 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3191 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3192 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3193 >flags</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3194 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3195 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3196 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3197 >list of local symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3198 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3199 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3200 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3201 >list of exported symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3202 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3203 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3204 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3205 >list of incomplete references along with the expressions to calculate them</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3206 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3207 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3208 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3209 >the actual object code (for non-BSS sections)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3210 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3211 ></UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3212 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3213 >The section starts with the name of the section with a NUL termination
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3214 followed by a series of flag bytes terminated by NUL. There are only two
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3215 flag bytes defined. A NUL (0) indicates no more flags and a value of 1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3216 indicates the section is a BSS section. For a BSS section, no actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3217 code is included in the object file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3218 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3219 >Either a NULL section name or end of file indicate the presence of no more
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3220 sections.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3221 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3222 >Each entry in the exported and local symbols table consists of the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3223 (NUL terminated) followed by two bytes which contain the value in big endian
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3224 order. The end of a symbol table is indicated by a NULL symbol name.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3225 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3226 >Each entry in the incomplete references table consists of an expression
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3227 followed by a 16 bit offset where the reference goes. Expressions are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3228 defined as a series of terms up to an "end of expression" term. Each term
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3229 consists of a single byte which identifies the type of term (see below)
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3230 followed by any data required by the term. Then end of the list is flagged
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3231 by a NULL expression (only an end of expression term).</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3232 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3233 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3234 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
3235 NAME="AEN1027"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3236 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3237 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3238 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3239 >Table 6-1. Object File Term Types</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3240 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3241 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3242 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3243 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3244 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3245 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3246 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3247 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3248 >TERMTYPE</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3249 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3250 >Meaning</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3251 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3252 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3253 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3254 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3255 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3256 >00</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3257 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3258 >end of expression</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3259 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3260 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3261 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3262 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3263 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3264 >integer (16 bit in big endian order follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3265 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3266 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3267 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3268 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3269 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3270 > external symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3271 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3272 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3273 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3274 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3275 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3276 >local symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3277 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3278 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3279 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3280 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3281 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3282 >operator (1 byte operator number)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3283 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3284 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3285 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3286 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3287 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3288 >section base address reference</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3289 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3290 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3291 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3292 >FF</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3293 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3294 >This term will set flags for the expression. Each one of these terms will set a single flag. All of them should be specified first in an expression. If they are not, the behaviour is undefined. The byte following is the flag. Flag 01 indicates an 8 bit relocation. Flag 02 indicates a zero-width relocation (see the EXTDEP pseudo op in LWASM).</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3295 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3296 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3297 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3298 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3299 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3300 >External references are resolved using other object files while local
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3301 references are resolved using the local symbol table(s) from this file. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3302 allows local symbols that are not exported to have the same names as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3303 exported symbols or external references.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3304 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3305 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3306 ><A
369
682524a1f32f Updated documentation for --symbols-nolocals and --map
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 348
diff changeset
3307 NAME="AEN1057"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3308 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3309 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3310 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3311 >Table 6-2. Object File Operator Numbers</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3312 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3313 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3314 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3315 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3316 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3317 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3318 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3319 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3320 >Number</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3321 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3322 >Operator</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3323 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3324 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3325 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3326 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3327 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3328 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3329 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3330 >addition (+)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3331 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3332 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3333 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3334 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3335 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3336 >subtraction (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3337 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3338 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3339 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3340 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3341 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3342 >multiplication (*)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3343 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3344 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3345 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3346 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3347 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3348 >division (/)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3349 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3350 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3351 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3352 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3353 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3354 >modulus (%)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3355 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3356 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3357 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3358 >06</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3359 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3360 >integer division (\) (same as division)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3361 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3362 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3363 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3364 >07</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3365 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3366 >bitwise and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3367 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3368 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3369 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3370 >08</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3371 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3372 >bitwise or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3373 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3374 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3375 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3376 >09</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3377 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3378 >bitwise xor</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3379 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3380 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3381 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3382 >0A</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3383 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3384 >boolean and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3385 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3386 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3387 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3388 >0B</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3389 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3390 >boolean or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3391 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3392 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3393 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3394 >0C</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3395 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3396 >unary negation, 2's complement (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3397 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3398 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3399 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3400 >0D</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3401 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3402 >unary 1's complement (^)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3403 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3404 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3405 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3406 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3407 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3408 >An expression is represented in a postfix manner with both operands for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3409 binary operators preceding the operator and the single operand for unary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3410 operators preceding the operator.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3411 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3412 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3413 ></BODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3414 ></HTML
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3415 >