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Add --preprocess option Add --preprocess option which expands macros, resolves conditions, and resolves include files if possible. If an include file is not available, it the include directive is retained.
author William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
date Sun, 10 Jun 2012 18:24:31 -0600
parents 1e0a0e6cd918
children 2cc599f1bebf
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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2 <HTML
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3 ><HEAD
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4 ><TITLE
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5 >LW Tool Chain</TITLE
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6 ><META
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7 NAME="GENERATOR"
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8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"></HEAD
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9 ><BODY
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10 CLASS="BOOK"
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11 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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12 TEXT="#000000"
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13 LINK="#0000FF"
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14 VLINK="#840084"
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15 ALINK="#0000FF"
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16 ><DIV
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17 CLASS="BOOK"
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18 ><A
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19 NAME="AEN1"
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20 ></A
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21 ><DIV
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22 CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
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23 ><H1
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24 CLASS="TITLE"
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25 ><A
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26 NAME="AEN2"
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27 >LW Tool Chain</A
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28 ></H1
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29 ><H3
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30 CLASS="AUTHOR"
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31 ><A
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32 NAME="AEN4"
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33 ></A
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34 >William Astle</H3
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35 ><P
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36 CLASS="COPYRIGHT"
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37 >Copyright &copy; 2009-2011 William Astle</P
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38 ><HR></DIV
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39 ><DIV
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40 CLASS="TOC"
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41 ><DL
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42 ><DT
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43 ><B
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44 >Table of Contents</B
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45 ></DT
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46 ><DT
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47 >1. <A
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48 HREF="#AEN10"
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49 >Introduction</A
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50 ></DT
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51 ><DD
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52 ><DL
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53 ><DT
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54 >1.1. <A
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55 HREF="#AEN13"
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56 >History</A
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57 ></DT
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58 ></DL
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59 ></DD
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60 ><DT
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61 >2. <A
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62 HREF="#AEN18"
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63 >Output Formats</A
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64 ></DT
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65 ><DD
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66 ><DL
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67 ><DT
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68 >2.1. <A
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69 HREF="#AEN21"
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70 >Raw Binaries</A
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71 ></DT
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72 ><DT
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73 >2.2. <A
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74 HREF="#AEN24"
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75 >DECB Binaries</A
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76 ></DT
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77 ><DT
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78 >2.3. <A
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79 HREF="#AEN29"
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80 >OS9 Modules</A
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81 ></DT
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82 ><DT
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83 >2.4. <A
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84 HREF="#AEN37"
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85 >Object Files</A
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86 ></DT
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87 ></DL
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88 ></DD
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89 ><DT
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90 >3. <A
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91 HREF="#AEN45"
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92 >LWASM</A
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93 ></DT
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94 ><DD
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95 ><DL
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96 ><DT
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97 >3.1. <A
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98 HREF="#AEN48"
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99 >Command Line Options</A
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100 ></DT
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101 ><DT
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102 >3.2. <A
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103 HREF="#AEN163"
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104 >Dialects</A
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105 ></DT
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106 ><DT
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107 >3.3. <A
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108 HREF="#AEN170"
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109 >Source Format</A
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110 ></DT
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111 ><DT
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112 >3.4. <A
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113 HREF="#AEN180"
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114 >Symbols</A
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115 ></DT
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116 ><DT
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117 >3.5. <A
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118 HREF="#AEN185"
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119 >Numbers and Expressions</A
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120 ></DT
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121 ><DT
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122 >3.6. <A
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123 HREF="#AEN193"
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124 >Assembler Directives</A
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125 ></DT
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126 ><DD
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127 ><DL
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128 ><DT
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129 >3.6.1. <A
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130 HREF="#AEN196"
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131 >Data Directives</A
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132 ></DT
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133 ><DT
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134 >3.6.2. <A
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135 HREF="#AEN299"
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136 >Address Definition</A
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137 ></DT
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138 ><DT
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139 >3.6.3. <A
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140 HREF="#AEN346"
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141 >Conditional Assembly</A
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142 ></DT
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143 ><DT
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144 >3.6.4. <A
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145 HREF="#AEN411"
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146 >OS9 Target Directives</A
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147 ></DT
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148 ><DT
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149 >3.6.5. <A
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150 HREF="#AEN436"
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151 >Miscelaneous Directives</A
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152 ></DT
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153 ></DL
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154 ></DD
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155 ><DT
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156 >3.7. <A
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157 HREF="#AEN476"
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158 >Macros</A
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159 ></DT
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160 ><DT
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161 >3.8. <A
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162 HREF="#AEN499"
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163 >Structures</A
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164 ></DT
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165 ><DT
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166 >3.9. <A
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167 HREF="#AEN520"
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168 >Object Files and Sections</A
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169 ></DT
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170 ><DT
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171 >3.10. <A
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172 HREF="#AEN584"
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173 >Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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174 ></DT
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175 ></DL
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176 ></DD
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177 ><DT
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178 >4. <A
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179 HREF="#AEN662"
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180 >LWLINK</A
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181 ></DT
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182 ><DD
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183 ><DL
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184 ><DT
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185 >4.1. <A
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186 HREF="#AEN665"
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187 >Command Line Options</A
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188 ></DT
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189 ><DT
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190 >4.2. <A
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191 HREF="#AEN762"
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192 >Linker Operation</A
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193 ></DT
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194 ><DT
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195 >4.3. <A
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196 HREF="#AEN776"
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197 >Linking Scripts</A
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198 ></DT
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199 ><DT
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200 >4.4. <A
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201 HREF="#AEN810"
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202 >Format Specific Linking Notes</A
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203 ></DT
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204 ><DD
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205 ><DL
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206 ><DT
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207 >4.4.1. <A
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208 HREF="#AEN813"
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209 >OS9 Modules</A
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210 ></DT
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211 ></DL
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212 ></DD
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213 ></DL
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214 ></DD
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215 ><DT
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216 >5. <A
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217 HREF="#AEN825"
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218 >Libraries and LWAR</A
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219 ></DT
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220 ><DD
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221 ><DL
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222 ><DT
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223 >5.1. <A
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224 HREF="#AEN829"
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225 >Command Line Options</A
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226 ></DT
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227 ></DL
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228 ></DD
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229 ><DT
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230 >6. <A
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231 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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232 >Object Files</A
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233 ></DT
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234 ></DL
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235 ></DIV
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236 ><DIV
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237 CLASS="LOT"
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238 ><DL
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239 CLASS="LOT"
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240 ><DT
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241 ><B
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242 >List of Tables</B
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243 ></DT
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244 ><DT
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245 >6-1. <A
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246 HREF="#AEN912"
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247 >Object File Term Types</A
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248 ></DT
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249 ><DT
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250 >6-2. <A
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251 HREF="#AEN942"
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252 >Object File Operator Numbers</A
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253 ></DT
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254 ></DL
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255 ></DIV
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256 ><DIV
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257 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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258 ><HR><H1
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259 ><A
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260 NAME="AEN10"
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261 ></A
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262 >Chapter 1. Introduction</H1
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263 ><P
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264 >The LW tool chain provides utilities for building binaries for MC6809 and
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265 HD6309 CPUs. The tool chain includes a cross-assembler and a cross-linker
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266 which support several styles of output.</P
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267 ><DIV
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268 CLASS="SECTION"
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269 ><HR><H2
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270 CLASS="SECTION"
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271 ><A
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272 NAME="AEN13"
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273 >1.1. History</A
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274 ></H2
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275 ><P
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276 >For a long time, I have had an interest in creating an operating system for
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277 the Coco3. I finally started working on that project around the beginning of
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278 2006. I had a number of assemblers I could choose from. Eventually, I settled
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279 on one and started tinkering. After a while, I realized that assembler was not
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280 going to be sufficient due to lack of macros and issues with forward references.
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281 Then I tried another which handled forward references correctly but still did
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282 not support macros. I looked around at other assemblers and they all lacked
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283 one feature or another that I really wanted for creating my operating system.</P
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284 ><P
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285 >The solution seemed clear at that point. I am a fair programmer so I figured
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286 I could write an assembler that would do everything I wanted an assembler to
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287 do. Thus the LWASM probject was born. After more than two years of on and off
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288 work, version 1.0 of LWASM was released in October of 2008.</P
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289 ><P
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290 >As the aforementioned operating system project progressed further, it became
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291 clear that while assembling the whole project through a single file was doable,
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292 it was not practical. When I found myself playing some fancy games with macros
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293 in a bid to simulate sections, I realized I needed a means of assembling
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294 source files separately and linking them later. This spawned a major development
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295 effort to add an object file support to LWASM. It also spawned the LWLINK
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296 project to provide a means to actually link the files.</P
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297 ></DIV
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298 ></DIV
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299 ><DIV
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300 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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301 ><HR><H1
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302 ><A
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303 NAME="AEN18"
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304 ></A
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305 >Chapter 2. Output Formats</H1
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306 ><P
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307 >The LW tool chain supports multiple output formats. Each format has its
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308 advantages and disadvantages. Each format is described below.</P
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309 ><DIV
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310 CLASS="SECTION"
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311 ><HR><H2
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312 CLASS="SECTION"
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313 ><A
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314 NAME="AEN21"
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315 >2.1. Raw Binaries</A
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316 ></H2
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317 ><P
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318 >A raw binary is simply a string of bytes. There are no headers or other
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319 niceties. Both LWLINK and LWASM support generating raw binaries. ORG directives
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320 in the source code only serve to set the addresses that will be used for
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321 symbols but otherwise have no direct impact on the resulting binary.</P
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322 ></DIV
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323 ><DIV
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324 CLASS="SECTION"
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325 ><HR><H2
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326 CLASS="SECTION"
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327 ><A
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328 NAME="AEN24"
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329 >2.2. DECB Binaries</A
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330 ></H2
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331 ><P
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332 >A DECB binary is compatible with the LOADM command in Disk Extended
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333 Color Basic on the CoCo. They are also compatible with CLOADM from Extended
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334 Color Basic. These binaries include the load address of the binary as well
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335 as encoding an execution address. These binaries may contain multiple loadable
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336 sections, each of which has its own load address.</P
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337 ><P
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338 >Each binary starts with a preamble. Each preamble is five bytes long. The
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339 first byte is zero. The next two bytes specify the number of bytes to load
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340 and the last two bytes specify the address to load the bytes at. Then, a
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341 string of bytes follows. After this string of bytes, there may be another
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342 preamble or a postamble. A postamble is also five bytes in length. The first
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343 byte of the postamble is $FF, the next two are zero, and the last two are
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344 the execution address for the binary.</P
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345 ><P
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346 >Both LWASM and LWLINK can output this format.</P
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347 ></DIV
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348 ><DIV
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349 CLASS="SECTION"
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350 ><HR><H2
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351 CLASS="SECTION"
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352 ><A
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353 NAME="AEN29"
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354 >2.3. OS9 Modules</A
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355 ></H2
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356 ><P
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357 >&#13;Since version 2.5, LWASM is able to generate OS9 modules. The syntax is
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358 basically the same as for other assemblers. A module starts with the MOD
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359 directive and ends with the EMOD directive. The OS9 directive is provided
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360 as a shortcut for writing system calls.&#13;</P
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361 ><P
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362 >&#13;LWASM does NOT provide an OS9Defs file. You must provide your own. Also note
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363 that the common practice of using "ifp1" around the inclusion of the OS9Defs
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364 file is discouraged as it is pointless and can lead to unintentional
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365 problems and phasing errors. Because LWASM reads each file exactly once,
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366 there is no benefit to restricting the inclusion to the first assembly pass.&#13;</P
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367 ><P
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368 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWASM also implements the standard data/code address
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369 streams for OS9 modules. That means that between MOD and EMOD, any RMB,
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370 RMD, RMQ, or equivalent directives will move the data address ahead and
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371 leave the code address unmodified. Outside of an actual module, both the
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372 code and data addresses are moved ahead equally. That last bit is critical
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373 to understand because it means any directives that follow an EMOD directive
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374 may have different results than other assemblers.&#13;</P
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375 ><P
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376 >&#13;Additionally, within a module body, the ORG directive sets only the data
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377 address, not the code address. However, outside a module body, ORG sets both
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378 addresses.&#13;</P
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379 ><P
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380 >Both code and data addresses are reset to 0 by the MOD directive.</P
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381 ><P
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382 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWLINK also supports creation of OS9 modules.&#13;</P
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383 ></DIV
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384 ><DIV
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385 CLASS="SECTION"
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386 ><HR><H2
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387 CLASS="SECTION"
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388 ><A
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389 NAME="AEN37"
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390 >2.4. Object Files</A
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391 ></H2
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392 ><P
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393 >LWASM supports generating a proprietary object file format which is
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394 described in <A
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395 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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396 >Chapter 6</A
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397 >. LWLINK is then used to link these
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398 object files into a final binary in any of LWLINK's supported binary
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399 formats.</P
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400 ><P
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401 >Object files also support the concept of sections which are not valid
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402 for other output types. This allows related code from each object file
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403 linked to be collapsed together in the final binary.</P
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404 ><P
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405 >Object files are very flexible in that they allow references that are not
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406 known at assembly time to be resolved at link time. However, because the
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407 addresses of such references are not known at assembly time, there is no way
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408 for the assembler to deduce that an eight bit addressing mode is possible.
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409 That means the assember will default to using sixteen bit addressing
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410 whenever an external or cross-section reference is used.</P
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411 ><P
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412 >As of LWASM 2.4, it is possible to force direct page addressing for an
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413 external reference. Care must be taken to ensure the resulting addresses
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414 are really in the direct page since the linker does not know what the direct
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415 page is supposed to be and does not emit errors for byte overflows.</P
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416 ><P
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417 >It is also possible to use external references in an eight bit immediate
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418 mode instruction. In this case, only the low order eight bits will be used.
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419 Again, no byte overflows will be flagged.</P
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420 ></DIV
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421 ></DIV
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422 ><DIV
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423 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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424 ><HR><H1
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425 ><A
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426 NAME="AEN45"
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427 ></A
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428 >Chapter 3. LWASM</H1
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429 ><P
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430 >The LWTOOLS assembler is called LWASM. This chapter documents the various
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431 features of the assembler. It is not, however, a tutorial on 6x09 assembly
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432 language programming.</P
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433 ><DIV
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434 CLASS="SECTION"
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435 ><HR><H2
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436 CLASS="SECTION"
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437 ><A
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438 NAME="AEN48"
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439 >3.1. Command Line Options</A
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440 ></H2
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441 ><P
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442 >The binary for LWASM is called "lwasm". Note that the binary is in lower
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443 case. lwasm takes the following command line arguments.</P
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444 ><P
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445 ></P
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446 ><DIV
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447 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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448 ><DL
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449 ><DT
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450 ><CODE
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451 CLASS="OPTION"
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452 >--6309</CODE
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453 >, <CODE
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454 CLASS="OPTION"
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455 >-3</CODE
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456 ></DT
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457 ><DD
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458 ><P
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459 >This will cause the assembler to accept the additional instructions available
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460 on the 6309 processor. This is the default mode; this option is provided for
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461 completeness and to override preset command arguments.</P
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462 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
463 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
464 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
465 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
466 >--6809</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
467 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
468 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
469 >-9</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
470 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
471 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
472 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
473 >This will cause the assembler to reject instructions that are only available
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
474 on the 6309 processor.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
475 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
476 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
477 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
478 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
479 >--decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
480 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
481 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
482 >-b</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
483 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
484 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
485 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
486 >Select the DECB output format target. Equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
487 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
488 >--format=decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
489 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
490 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
491 >While this is the default output format currently, it is not safe to rely
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
492 on that fact. Future versions may have different defaults. It is also trivial
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
493 to modify the source code to change the default. Thus, it is recommended to specify
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
494 this option if you need DECB output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
495 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
496 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
497 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
498 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
499 >--format=type</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
500 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
501 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
502 >-f type</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
503 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
504 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
505 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
506 >Select the output format. Valid values are <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
507 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
508 >obj</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
509 > for the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
510 object file target, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
511 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
512 >decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
513 > for the DECB LOADM format,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
514 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
515 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
516 >os9</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
517 > for creating OS9 modules, and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
518 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
519 >raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
520 > for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
521 a raw binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
522 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
523 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
524 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
525 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
526 >--list[=file]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
527 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
528 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
529 >-l[file]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
530 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
531 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
532 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
533 >Cause LWASM to generate a listing. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
534 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
535 >file</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
536 > is specified,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
537 the listing will go to that file. Otherwise it will go to the standard output
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
538 stream. By default, no listing is generated. Unless <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
539 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
540 >--symbols</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
541 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
542 is specified, the list will not include the symbol table.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
543 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
544 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
545 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
546 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
547 >--symbols</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
548 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
549 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
550 >-s</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
551 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
552 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
553 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
554 >Causes LWASM to generate a list of symbols when generating a listing.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
555 It has no effect unless a listing is being generated.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
556 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
557 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
558 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
559 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
560 >--obj</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
561 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
562 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
563 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
564 >Select the proprietary object file format as the output target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
565 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
566 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
567 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
568 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
569 >--output=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
570 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
571 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
572 >-o FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
573 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
574 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
575 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
576 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
577 default is <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
578 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
579 >a.out</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
580 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
581 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
582 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
583 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
584 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
585 >--pragma=pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
586 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
587 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
588 >-p pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
589 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
590 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
591 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
592 >Specify assembler pragmas. Multiple pragmas are separated by commas. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
593 pragmas accepted are the same as for the PRAGMA assembler directive described
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
594 below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
595 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
596 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
597 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
598 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
599 >--raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
600 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
601 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
602 >-r</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
603 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
604 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
605 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
606 >Select raw binary as the output target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
607 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
608 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
609 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
610 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
611 >--includedir=path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
612 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
613 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
614 >-I path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
615 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
616 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
617 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
618 >Add <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
619 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
620 >path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
621 > to the end of the include path.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
622 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
623 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
624 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
625 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
626 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
627 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
628 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
629 >-?</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
630 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
631 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
632 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
633 >Present a help screen describing the command line options.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
634 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
635 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
636 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
637 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
638 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
639 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
640 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
641 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
642 >Provide a summary of the command line options.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
643 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
644 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
645 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
646 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
647 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
648 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
649 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
650 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
651 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
652 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
653 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
654 >Display the software version.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
655 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
656 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
657 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
658 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
659 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
660 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
661 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
662 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
663 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
664 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
665 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
666 >Increase the debugging level. Only really useful to people hacking on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
667 LWASM source code itself.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
668 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
669 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
670 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
671 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
672 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
673 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
674 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
675 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
676 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
677 NAME="AEN163"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
678 >3.2. Dialects</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
679 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
680 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
681 >LWASM supports all documented MC6809 instructions as defined by Motorola.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
682 It also supports all known HD6309 instructions. While there is general
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
683 agreement on the pneumonics for most of the 6309 instructions, there is some
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
684 variance with the block transfer instructions. TFM for all four variations
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
685 seems to have gained the most traction and, thus, this is the form that is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
686 recommended for LWASM. However, it also supports COPY, COPY-, IMP, EXP,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
687 TFRP, TFRM, TFRS, and TFRR. It further adds COPY+ as a synomym for COPY,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
688 IMPLODE for IMP, and EXPAND for EXP.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
689 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
690 >By default, LWASM accepts 6309 instructions. However, using the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
691 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
692 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
693 >--6809</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
694 > parameter, you can cause it to throw errors on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
695 6309 instructions instead.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
696 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
697 >The standard addressing mode specifiers are supported. These are the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
698 hash sign ("#") for immediate mode, the less than sign ("&lt;") for forced
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
699 eight bit modes, and the greater than sign ("&gt;") for forced sixteen bit modes.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
700 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
701 >Additionally, LWASM supports using the asterisk ("*") to indicate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
702 base page addressing. This should not be used in hand-written source code,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
703 however, because it is non-standard and may or may not be present in future
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
704 versions of LWASM.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
705 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
706 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
707 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
708 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
709 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
710 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
711 NAME="AEN170"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
712 >3.3. Source Format</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
713 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
714 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
715 >LWASM accepts plain text files in a relatively free form. It can handle
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
716 lines terminated with CR, LF, CRLF, or LFCR which means it should be able
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
717 to assemble files on any platform on which it compiles.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
718 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
719 >Each line may start with a symbol. If a symbol is present, there must not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
720 be any whitespace preceding it. It is legal for a line to contain nothing
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
721 but a symbol.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
722 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
723 >The op code is separated from the symbol by whitespace. If there is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
724 no symbol, there must be at least one white space character preceding it.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
725 If applicable, the operand follows separated by whitespace. Following the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
726 opcode and operand is an optional comment.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
727 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
728 > It is important to note that operands cannot contain any whitespace
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
729 except in the case of delimited strings. This is because the first
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
730 whitespace character will be interpreted as the separator between the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
731 operand column and the comment. This behaviour is required for approximate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
732 source compatibility with other 6x09 assemblers. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
733 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
734 >A comment can also be introduced with a * or a ;. The comment character is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
735 optional for end of statement comments. However, if a symbol is the only
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
736 thing present on the line other than the comment, the comment character is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
737 mandatory to prevent the assembler from interpreting the comment as an opcode.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
738 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
739 >For compatibility with the output generated by some C preprocessors, LWASM
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
740 will also ignore lines that begin with a #. This should not be used as a general
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
741 comment character, however.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
742 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
743 >The opcode is not treated case sensitively. Neither are register names in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
744 the operand fields. Symbols, however, are case sensitive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
745 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
746 > As of version 2.6, LWASM supports files with line numbers. If line
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
747 numbers are present, the line must start with a digit. The line number
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
748 itself must consist only of digits. The line number must then be followed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
749 by either the end of the line or exactly one white space character. After
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
750 that white space character, the lines are interpreted exactly as above. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
751 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
752 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
753 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
754 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
755 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
756 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
757 NAME="AEN180"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
758 >3.4. Symbols</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
759 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
760 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
761 >Symbols have no length restriction. They may contain letters, numbers, dots,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
762 dollar signs, and underscores. They must start with a letter, dot, or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
763 underscore.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
764 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
765 >LWASM also supports the concept of a local symbol. A local symbol is one
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
766 which contains either a "?" or a "@", which can appear anywhere in the symbol.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
767 The scope of a local symbol is determined by a number of factors. First,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
768 each included file gets its own local symbol scope. A blank line will also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
769 be considered a local scope barrier. Macros each have their own local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
770 scope as well (which has a side effect that you cannot use a local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
771 as an argument to a macro). There are other factors as well. In general,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
772 a local symbol is restricted to the block of code it is defined within.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
773 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
774 >By default, unless assembling to the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
775 also make it local. This can be controlled by the "dollarlocal" and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
776 "nodollarlocal" pragmas. In the absence of a pragma to the contrary, for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
777 the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will not make it considered local while
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
778 for all other targets it will.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
779 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
780 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
781 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
782 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
783 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
784 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
785 NAME="AEN185"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
786 >3.5. Numbers and Expressions</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
787 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
788 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
789 >&#13;Numbers can be expressed in binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal. Binary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
790 numbers may be prefixed with a "%" symbol or suffixed with a "b" or "B".
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
791 Octal numbers may be prefixed with "@" or suffixed with "Q", "q", "O", or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
792 "o". Hexadecimal numbers may be prefixed with "$", "0x" or "0X", or suffixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
793 with "H". No prefix or suffix is required for decimal numbers but they can
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
794 be prefixed with "&amp;" if desired. Any constant which begins with a letter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
795 must be expressed with the correct prefix base identifier or be prefixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
796 with a 0. Thus hexadecimal FF would have to be written either 0FFH or $FF.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
797 Numbers are not case sensitive.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
798 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
799 > A symbol may appear at any point where a number is acceptable. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
800 special symbol "*" can be used to represent the starting address of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
801 current source line within expressions. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
802 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
803 >The ASCII value of a character can be included by prefixing it with a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
804 single quote ('). The ASCII values of two characters can be included by
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
805 prefixing the characters with a quote (").</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
806 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
807 >&#13;LWASM supports the following basic binary operators: +, -, *, /, and %.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
808 These represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
809 modulus. It also supports unary negation and unary 1's complement (- and ^
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
810 respectively). It is also possible to use ~ for the unary 1's complement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
811 operator. For completeness, a unary positive (+) is supported though it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
812 a no-op. LWASM also supports using |, &#38;, and ^ for bitwise or, bitwise and,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
813 and bitwise exclusive or respectively.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
814 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
815 >&#13;Operator precedence follows the usual rules. Multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
816 modulus take precedence over addition and subtraction. Unary operators take
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
817 precedence over binary operators. Bitwise operators are lower precdence
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
818 than addition and subtraction. To force a specific order of evaluation,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
819 parentheses can be used in the usual manner.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
820 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
821 >&#13;As of LWASM 2.5, the operators &#38;&#38; and || are recognized for boolean and and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
822 boolean or respectively. They will return either 0 or 1 (false or true).
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
823 They have the lowest precedence of all the binary operators.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
824 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
825 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
826 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
827 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
828 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
829 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
830 NAME="AEN193"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
831 >3.6. Assembler Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
832 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
833 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
834 >Various directives can be used to control the behaviour of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
835 assembler or to include non-code/data in the resulting output. Those directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
836 that are not described in detail in other sections of this document are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
837 described below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
838 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
839 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
840 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
841 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
842 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
843 NAME="AEN196"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
844 >3.6.1. Data Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
845 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
846 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
847 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
848 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
849 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
850 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
851 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
852 >FCB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
853 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
854 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
855 >, .DB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
856 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
857 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
858 >, .BYTE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
859 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
860 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
861 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
862 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
863 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
864 >Include one or more constant bytes (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
865 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
866 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
867 >FDB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
868 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
869 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
870 >, .DW <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
871 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
872 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
873 >, .WORD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
874 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
875 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
876 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
877 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
878 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
879 >Include one or more words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
880 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
881 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
882 >FQB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
883 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
884 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
885 >, .QUAD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
886 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
887 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
888 >, .4BYTE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
889 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
890 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
891 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
892 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
893 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
894 >Include one or more double words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
895 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
896 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
897 >FCC <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
898 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
899 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
900 >, .ASCII <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
901 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
902 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
903 >, .STR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
904 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
905 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
906 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
907 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
908 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
909 >Include a string of text in the output. The first character of the operand
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
910 is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and cannot appear
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
911 within the string. The string is included with no modifications&#62;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
912 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
913 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
914 >FCN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
915 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
916 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
917 >, .ASCIZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
918 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
919 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
920 >, .STRZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
921 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
922 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
923 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
924 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
925 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
926 >Include a NUL terminated string of text in the output. The first character of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
927 the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
928 cannot appear within the string. A NUL byte is automatically appended to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
929 the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
930 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
931 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
932 >FCS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
933 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
934 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
935 >, .ASCIS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
936 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
937 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
938 >, .STRS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
939 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
940 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
941 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
942 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
943 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
944 >Include a string of text in the output with bit 7 of the final byte set. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
945 first character of the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
946 character and cannot appear within the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
947 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
948 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
949 >ZMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
950 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
951 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
952 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
953 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
954 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
955 >Include a number of NUL bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
956 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
957 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
958 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
959 >ZMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
960 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
961 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
962 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
963 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
964 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
965 >Include a number of zero words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
966 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
967 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
968 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
969 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
970 >ZMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
971 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
972 >expr<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
973 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
974 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
975 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
976 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
977 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
978 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
979 >Include a number of zero double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
980 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
981 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
982 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
983 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
984 >RMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
985 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
986 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
987 >, .BLKB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
988 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
989 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
990 >, .DS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
991 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
992 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
993 >, .RS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
994 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
995 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
996 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
997 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
998 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
999 >Reserve a number of bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1000 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1001 The value of the bytes is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1002 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1003 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1004 >RMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1005 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1006 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1007 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1008 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1009 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1010 >Reserve a number of words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1011 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1012 permitted. The value of the words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1013 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1014 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1015 >RMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1016 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1017 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1018 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1019 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1020 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1021 >Reserve a number of double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1022 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1023 permitted. The value of the double-words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1024 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1025 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1026 >INCLUDEBIN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1027 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1028 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1029 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1030 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1031 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1032 >Treat the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1033 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1034 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1035 > as a string of bytes to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1036 be included literally at the current assembly point. This has the same effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1037 as converting the file contents to a series of FCB statements and including
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1038 those at the current assembly point.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1039 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1040 > If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1041 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1042 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1043 > beings with a /, the file name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1044 will be taken as absolute. Otherwise, the current directory will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1045 searched followed by the search path in the order specified.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1046 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1047 > Please note that absolute path detection including drive letters will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1048 not function correctly on Windows platforms. Non-absolute inclusion will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1049 work, however.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1050 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1051 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1052 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1053 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1054 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1055 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1056 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1057 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1058 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1059 NAME="AEN299"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1060 >3.6.2. Address Definition</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1061 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1062 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1063 >The directives in this section all control the addresses of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1064 or the assembly process itself.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1065 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1066 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1067 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1068 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1069 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1070 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1071 >ORG <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1072 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1073 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1074 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1075 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1076 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1077 >Set the assembly address. The address must be fully resolvable on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1078 first pass so no external or forward references are permitted. ORG is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1079 permitted within sections when outputting to object files. For the DECB
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1080 target, each ORG directive after which output is generated will cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1081 a new preamble to be output. ORG is only used to determine the addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1082 of symbols when the raw target is used.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1083 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1084 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1085 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1086 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1087 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1088 > EQU <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1089 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1090 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1091 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1092 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1093 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1094 > = <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1095 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1096 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1097 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1098 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1099 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1100 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1101 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1102 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1103 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1104 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1105 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1106 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1107 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1108 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1109 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1110 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1111 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1112 > SET <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1113 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1114 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1115 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1116 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1117 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1118 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1119 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1120 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1121 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1122 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1123 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1124 >.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1125 Unlike EQU, SET permits symbols to be defined multiple times as long as SET
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1126 is used for all instances. Use of the symbol before the first SET statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1127 that sets its value is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1128 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1129 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1130 >SETDP <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1131 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1132 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1133 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1134 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1135 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1136 >Inform the assembler that it can assume the DP register contains
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1137 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1138 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1139 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1140 >. This directive is only advice to the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1141 to determine whether an address is in the direct page and has no effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1142 on the contents of the DP register. The value must be fully resolved during
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1143 the first assembly pass because it affects the sizes of subsequent instructions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1144 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1145 >This directive has no effect in the object file target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1146 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1147 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1148 >ALIGN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1149 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1150 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1151 >[,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1152 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1153 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1154 >]</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1155 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1156 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1157 >Force the current assembly address to be a multiple of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1158 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1159 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1160 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1161 >. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1162 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1163 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1164 > is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1165 specified, a series of NUL bytes is output to force the alignment, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1166 required. Otherwise, the low order 8 bits of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1167 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1168 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1169 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1170 will be used as the fill. The alignment value must be fully resolved on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1171 first pass because it affects the addresses of subsquent instructions.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1172 However, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1173 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1174 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1175 > may include forward references; as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1176 long as it resolves to a constant for the second pass, the value will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1177 accepted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1178 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1179 >Unless <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1180 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1181 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1182 > is specified as something like $12,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1183 this directive is not suitable for inclusion in the middle of actual code.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1184 The default padding value is $00 which is intended to be used within data
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1185 blocks. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1186 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1187 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1188 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1189 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1190 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1191 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1192 ><HR><H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1193 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1194 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1195 NAME="AEN346"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1196 >3.6.3. Conditional Assembly</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1197 ></H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1198 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1199 >Portions of the source code can be excluded or included based on conditions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1200 known at assembly time. Conditionals can be nested arbitrarily deeply. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1201 directives associated with conditional assembly are described in this section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1202 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1203 >All conditionals must be fully bracketed. That is, every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1204 statement must eventually be followed by an ENDC at the same level of nesting.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1205 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1206 >Conditional expressions are only evaluated on the first assembly pass.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1207 It is not possible to game the assembly process by having a conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1208 change its value between assembly passes. Due to the underlying architecture
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1209 of LWASM, there is no possible utility to IFP1 and IFP2, nor can they, as of LWASM 3.0, actually
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1210 be implemented meaningfully. Thus there is not and never will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1211 be any equivalent of IFP1 or IFP2 as provided by other assemblers. Use of those opcodes
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1212 will throw a warning and be ignored.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1213 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1214 >It is important to note that if a conditional does not resolve to a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1215 during the first parsing pass, an error will be thrown. This is unavoidable because the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1216 must make a decision about which source to include and which source to exclude at this stage.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1217 Thus, expressions that work normally elsewhere will not work for conditions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1218 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1219 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1220 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1221 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1222 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1223 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1224 >IFEQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1225 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1226 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1227 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1228 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1229 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1230 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1231 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1232 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1233 > evaluates to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1234 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1235 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1236 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1237 >IFNE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1238 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1239 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1240 >, IF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1241 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1242 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1243 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1244 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1245 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1246 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1247 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1248 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1249 > evaluates to a non-zero value, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1250 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1251 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1252 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1253 >IFGT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1254 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1255 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1256 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1257 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1258 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1259 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1260 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1261 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1262 > evaluates to a value greater than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1263 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1264 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1265 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1266 >IFGE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1267 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1268 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1269 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1270 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1271 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1272 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1273 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1274 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1275 > evaluates to a value greater than or equal to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1276 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1277 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1278 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1279 >IFLT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1280 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1281 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1282 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1283 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1284 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1285 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1286 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1287 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1288 > evaluates to a value less than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1289 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1290 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1291 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1292 >IFLE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1293 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1294 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1295 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1296 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1297 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1298 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1299 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1300 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1301 > evaluates to a value less than or equal to zero , the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1302 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1303 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1304 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1305 >IFDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1306 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1307 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1308 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1309 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1310 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1311 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1312 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1313 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1314 > is defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1315 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1316 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1317 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1318 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1319 >IFNDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1320 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1321 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1322 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1323 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1324 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1325 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1326 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1327 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1328 > is not defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1329 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1330 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1331 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1332 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1333 >ELSE</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1334 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1335 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1336 >If the preceding conditional at the same level of nesting was false, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1337 statements following will be assembled. If the preceding conditional at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1338 the same level was true, the statements following will not be assembled.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1339 Note that the preceding conditional might have been another ELSE statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1340 although this behaviour is not guaranteed to be supported in future versions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1341 of LWASM.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1342 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1343 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1344 >ENDC</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1345 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1346 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1347 >This directive marks the end of a conditional construct. Every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1348 construct must end with an ENDC directive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1349 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1350 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1351 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1352 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1353 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1354 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1355 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1356 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1357 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1358 NAME="AEN411"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1359 >3.6.4. OS9 Target Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1360 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1361 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1362 >This section includes directives that apply solely to the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1363 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1364 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1365 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1366 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1367 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1368 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1369 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1370 >OS9 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1371 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1372 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1373 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1374 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1375 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1376 >&#13;This directive generates a call to the specified system call. <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1377 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1378 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1379 > may be an arbitrary expression.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1380 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1381 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1382 >MOD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1383 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1384 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1385 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1386 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1387 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1388 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1389 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1390 >type</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1391 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1392 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1393 >flags</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1394 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1395 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1396 >execoff</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1397 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1398 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1399 >datasize</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1400 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1401 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1402 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1403 >&#13;This tells LWASM that the beginning of the actual module is here. It will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1404 generate a module header based on the parameters specified. It will also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1405 begin calcuating the module CRC.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1406 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1407 >&#13;The precise meaning of the various parameters is beyond the scope of this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1408 document since it is not a tutorial on OS9 module programming.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1409 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1410 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1411 >EMOD</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1412 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1413 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1414 >&#13;This marks the end of a module and causes LWASM to emit the calculated CRC
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1415 for the module.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1416 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1417 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1418 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1419 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1420 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1421 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1422 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1423 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1424 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1425 NAME="AEN436"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1426 >3.6.5. Miscelaneous Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1427 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1428 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1429 >This section includes directives that do not fit into the other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1430 categories.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1431 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1432 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1433 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1434 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1435 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1436 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1437 >INCLUDE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1438 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1439 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1440 >, USE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1441 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1442 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1443 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1444 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1445 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1446 > Include the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1447 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1448 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1449 > at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1450 this point in the assembly as though it were a part of the file currently
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1451 being processed. Note that if whitespace appears in the name of the file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1452 you must enclose <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1453 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1454 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1455 > in quotes.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1456 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1457 >Note that the USE variation is provided only for compatibility with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1458 assemblers. It is recommended to use the INCLUDE variation.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1459 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1460 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1461 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1462 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1463 > begins with a &quot;/&quot;, it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1464 interpreted as an absolute path. If it does not, the search path will be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1465 to find the file. First, the directory containing the file that contains this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1466 directive. (Includes within an included file are relative to the included file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1467 not the file that included it.) If the file is not found there, the include path
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1468 is searched. If it is still not found, an error will be thrown. Note that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1469 current directory as understood by your shell or operating system is not searched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1470 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1471 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1472 >END <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1473 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1474 >[expr]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1475 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1476 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1477 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1478 >This directive causes the assembler to stop assembling immediately as though
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1479 it ran out of input. For the DECB target only, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1480 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1481 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1482 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1483 can be used to set the execution address of the resulting binary. For all
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1484 other targets, specifying <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1485 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1486 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1487 > will cause an error.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1488 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1489 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1490 >ERROR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1491 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1492 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1493 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1494 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1495 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1496 >Causes a custom error message to be printed at this line. This will cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1497 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1498 to cause assembly to fail if some condition that is known bad happens. Everything
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1499 from the directive to the end of the line is considered the error message.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1500 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1501 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1502 >WARNING <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1503 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1504 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1505 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1506 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1507 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1508 >Causes a custom warning message to be printed at this line. This will not cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1509 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1510 or include files to alert the programmer to a deprecated feature being used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1511 or some other condition that may cause trouble later, but which may, in fact,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1512 not cause any trouble.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1513 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1514 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1515 >.MODULE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1516 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1517 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1518 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1519 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1520 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1521 >This directive is ignored for most output targets. If the output target
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1522 supports encoding a module name into it, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1523 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1524 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1525 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1526 will be used as the module name.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1527 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1528 >As of version 3.0, no supported output targets support this directive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1529 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1530 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1531 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1532 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1533 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1534 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1535 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1536 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1537 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1538 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1539 NAME="AEN476"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1540 >3.7. Macros</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1541 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1542 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1543 >LWASM is a macro assembler. A macro is simply a name that stands in for a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1544 series of instructions. Once a macro is defined, it is used like any other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1545 assembler directive. Defining a macro can be considered equivalent to adding
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1546 additional assembler directives.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1547 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1548 >Macros may accept parameters. These parameters are referenced within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1549 macro by the a backslash ("\") followed by a digit 1 through 9 for the first
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1550 through ninth parameters. They may also be referenced by enclosing the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1551 decimal parameter number in braces ("{num}"). The special expansion "\*"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1552 translates to the exact parameter string, including all parameters, passed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1553 to the macro. These parameter references are replaced with the verbatim text
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1554 of the parameter passed to the macro. A reference to a non-existent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1555 parameter will be replaced by an empty string. Macro parameters are expanded
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1556 everywhere on each source line. That means the parameter to a macro could be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1557 used as a symbol or it could even appear in a comment or could cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1558 entire source line to be commented out when the macro is expanded. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1559 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1560 >Parameters passed to a macro are separated by commas and the parameter list
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1561 is terminated by any whitespace. This means that neither a comma nor whitespace
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1562 may be included in a macro parameter.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1563 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1564 >Macro expansion is done recursively. That is, within a macro, macros are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1565 expanded. This can lead to infinite loops in macro expansion. If the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1566 hangs for a long time while assembling a file that uses macros, this may be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1567 the reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1568 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1569 >Each macro expansion receives its own local symbol context which is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1570 inherited by any macros called by it nor is it inherited from the context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1571 the macro was instantiated in. That means it is possible to use local symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1572 within macros without having them collide with symbols in other macros or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1573 outside the macro itself. However, this also means that using a local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1574 as a parameter to a macro, while legal, will not do what it would seem to do
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1575 as it will result in looking up the local symbol in the macro's symbol context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1576 rather than the enclosing context where it came from, likely yielding either
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1577 an undefined symbol error or bizarre assembly results.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1578 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1579 >Note that there is no way to define a macro as local to a symbol context. All
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1580 macros are part of the global macro namespace. However, macros have a separate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1581 namespace from symbols so it is possible to have a symbol with the same name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1582 as a macro.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1583 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1584 >Macros are defined only during the first pass. Macro expansion also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1585 only occurs during the first pass. On the second pass, the macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1586 definition is simply ignored. Macros must be defined before they are used.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1587 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1588 >The following directives are used when defining macros.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1589 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1590 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1591 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1592 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1593 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1594 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1595 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1596 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1597 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1598 > MACRO [NOEXPAND]</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1599 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1600 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1601 >This directive is used to being the definition of a macro called
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1602 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1603 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1604 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1605 >. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1606 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1607 >macroname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1608 > already
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1609 exists, it is considered an error. Attempting to define a macro within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1610 macro is undefined. It may work and it may not so the behaviour should not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1611 be relied upon.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1612 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1613 >If NOEXPAND is specified, the macro will not be expanded in a program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1614 listing. Instead, all bytes emitted by all instructions within the macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1615 will appear to be emitted on the line where the macro is invoked, starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1616 at the address of the line of the invokation. If the macro uses ORG or other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1617 directives that define symbols or change the assembly address, these things
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1618 will also be hidden (except in the symbol table) and the output bytes will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1619 appear with incorrect address attribution. Thus, NOEXPAND should only be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1620 used for macros that do not mess with the assembly address or otherwise
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1621 define symbols that should be visible.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1622 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1623 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1624 >ENDM</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1625 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1626 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1627 >This directive indicates the end of the macro currently being defined. It
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1628 causes the assembler to resume interpreting source lines as normal.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1629 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1630 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1631 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1632 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1633 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1634 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1635 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1636 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1637 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1638 NAME="AEN499"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1639 >3.8. Structures</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1640 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1641 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1642 >&#13;Structures are used to group related data in a fixed structure. A structure
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1643 consists a number of fields, defined in sequential order and which take up
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1644 specified size. The assembler does not enforce any means of access within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1645 structure; it assumes that whatever you are doing, you intended to do.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1646 There are two pseudo ops that are used for defining structures.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1647 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1648 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1649 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1650 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1651 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1652 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1653 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1654 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1655 >structname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1656 > STRUCT</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1657 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1658 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1659 >&#13;This directive is used to begin the definition of a structure with name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1660 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1661 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1662 >structname</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1663 >. Subsequent statements all form part of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1664 the structure definition until the end of the structure is declared.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1665 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1666 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1667 >ENDSTRUCT, ENDS</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1668 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1669 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1670 >This directive ends the definition of the structure. ENDSTRUCT is the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1671 preferred form. Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS was used to end a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1672 section instead of a structure.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1673 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1674 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1675 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1676 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1677 >&#13;Within a structure definition, only reservation pseudo ops are permitted.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1678 Anything else will cause an assembly error.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1679 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1680 > Once a structure is defined, you can reserve an area of memory in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1681 same structure by using the structure name as the opcode. Structures can
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1682 also contain fields that are themselves structures. See the example
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1683 below.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1684 ><PRE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1685 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1686 >tstruct2 STRUCT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1687 f1 rmb 1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1688 f2 rmb 1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1689 ENDSTRUCT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1690
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1691 tstruct STRUCT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1692 field1 rmb 2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1693 field2 rmb 3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1694 field3 tstruct2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1695 ENDSTRUCT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1696
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1697 ORG $2000
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1698 var1 tstruct
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1699 var2 tstruct2</PRE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1700 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1701 >Fields are referenced using a dot (.) as a separator. To refer to the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1702 generic offset within a structure, use the structure name to the left of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1703 dot. If referring to a field within an actual variable, use the variable's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1704 symbol name to the left of the dot.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1705 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1706 >You can also refer to the actual size of a structure (or a variable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1707 declared as a structure) using the special symbol sizeof{structname} where
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1708 structname will be the name of the structure or the name of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1709 variable.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1710 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1711 >Essentially, structures are a shortcut for defining a vast number of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1712 symbols. When a structure is defined, the assembler creates symbols for the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1713 various fields in the form structname.fieldname as well as the appropriate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1714 sizeof{structname} symbol. When a variable is declared as a structure, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1715 assembler does the same thing using the name of the variable. You will see
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1716 these symbols in the symbol table when the assembler is instructed to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1717 provide a listing. For instance, the above listing will create the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1718 following symbols (symbol values in parentheses): tstruct2.f1 (0),
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1719 tstruct2.f2 (1), sizeof{tstruct2} (2), tstruct.field1 (0), tstruct.field2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1720 (2), tstruct.field3 (5), tstruct.field3.f1 (5), tstruct.field3.f2 (6),
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1721 sizeof{tstruct.field3} (2), sizeof{tstruct} (7), var1 {$2000}, var1.field1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1722 {$2000}, var1.field2 {$2002}, var1.field3 {$2005}, var1.field3.f1 {$2005},
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1723 var1.field3.f2 {$2006}, sizeof(var1.field3} (2), sizeof{var1} (7), var2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1724 ($2007), var2.f1 ($2007), var2.f2 ($2008), sizeof{var2} (2). </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1725 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1726 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1727 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1728 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1729 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1730 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1731 NAME="AEN520"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1732 >3.9. Object Files and Sections</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1733 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1734 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1735 >The object file target is very useful for large project because it allows
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1736 multiple files to be assembled independently and then linked into the final
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1737 binary at a later time. It allows only the small portion of the project
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1738 that was modified to be re-assembled rather than requiring the entire set
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1739 of source code to be available to the assembler in a single assembly process.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1740 This can be particularly important if there are a large number of macros,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1741 symbol definitions, or other metadata that uses resources at assembly time.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1742 By far the largest benefit, however, is keeping the source files small enough
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1743 for a mere mortal to find things in them.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1744 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1745 >With multi-file projects, there needs to be a means of resolving references to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1746 symbols in other source files. These are known as external references. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1747 addresses of these symbols cannot be known until the linker joins all the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1748 object files into a single binary. This means that the assembler must be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1749 able to output the object code without knowing the value of the symbol. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1750 places some restrictions on the code generated by the assembler. For
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1751 example, the assembler cannot generate direct page addressing for instructions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1752 that reference external symbols because the address of the symbol may not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1753 be in the direct page. Similarly, relative branches and PC relative addressing
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1754 cannot be used in their eight bit forms. Everything that must be resolved
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1755 by the linker must be assembled to use the largest address size possible to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1756 allow the linker to fill in the correct value at link time. Note that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1757 same problem applies to absolute address references as well, even those in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1758 the same source file, because the address is not known until link time.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1759 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1760 >It is often desired in multi-file projects to have code of various types grouped
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1761 together in the final binary generated by the linker as well. The same applies
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1762 to data. In order for the linker to do that, the bits that are to be grouped
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1763 must be tagged in some manner. This is where the concept of sections comes in.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1764 Each chunk of code or data is part of a section in the object file. Then,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1765 when the linker reads all the object files, it coalesces all sections of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1766 same name into a single section and then considers it as a unit.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1767 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1768 >The existence of sections, however, raises a problem for symbols even
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1769 within the same source file. Thus, the assembler must treat symbols from
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1770 different sections within the same source file in the same manner as external
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1771 symbols. That is, it must leave them for the linker to resolve at link time,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1772 with all the limitations that entails.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1773 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1774 >In the object file target mode, LWASM requires all source lines that
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1775 cause bytes to be output to be inside a section. Any directives that do
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1776 not cause any bytes to be output can appear outside of a section. This includes
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1777 such things as EQU or RMB. Even ORG can appear outside a section. ORG, however,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1778 makes no sense within a section because it is the linker that determines
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1779 the starting address of the section's code, not the assembler.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1780 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1781 >All symbols defined globally in the assembly process are local to the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1782 source file and cannot be exported. All symbols defined within a section are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1783 considered local to the source file unless otherwise explicitly exported.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1784 Symbols referenced from external source files must be declared external,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1785 either explicitly or by asking the assembler to assume that all undefined
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1786 symbols are external.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1787 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1788 >It is often handy to define a number of memory addresses that will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1789 used for data at run-time but which need not be included in the binary file.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1790 These memory addresses are not initialized until run-time, either by the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1791 program itself or by the program loader, depending on the operating environment.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1792 Such sections are often known as BSS sections. LWASM supports generating
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1793 sections with a BSS attribute set which causes the section definition including
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1794 symbols exported from that section and those symbols required to resolve
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1795 references from the local file, but with no actual code in the object file.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1796 It is illegal for any source lines within a BSS flagged section to cause any
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1797 bytes to be output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1798 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1799 >The following directives apply to section handling.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1800 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1801 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1802 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1803 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1804 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1805 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1806 >SECTION <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1807 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1808 >name[,flags]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1809 >, SECT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1810 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1811 >name[,flags]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1812 >, .AREA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1813 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1814 >name[,flags]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1815 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1816 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1817 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1818 >Instructs the assembler that the code following this directive is to be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1819 considered part of the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1820 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1821 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1822 >. A section name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1823 may appear multiple times in which case it is as though all the code from
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1824 all the instances of that section appeared adjacent within the source file.
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parents:
diff changeset
1825 However, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1826 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1827 >flags</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1828 > may only be specified on the first
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parents:
diff changeset
1829 instance of the section.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1830 ><P
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1831 ><CODE
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1832 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1833 >flags</CODE
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1834 > is a comma separated list of flags. If a
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1835 flag is "bss", the section will be treated as a BSS section and no
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1836 statements that generate output are permitted.</P
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1837 ><P
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diff changeset
1838 >If the flag is "constant",
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1839 the same restrictions apply as for BSS sections. Additionally, all symbols
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1840 defined in a constant section define absolute values and will not be
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1841 adjusted by the linker at link time. Constant sections cannot define
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1842 complex expressions for symbols; the value must be fully defined at assembly
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1843 time. Additionally, multiple instances of a constant section do not
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diff changeset
1844 coalesce into a single addressing unit; each instance starts again at offset
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1845 0.</P
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1846 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1847 >If the section name is "bss" or ".bss" in any combination of upper and
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1848 lower case, the section is assumed to be a BSS section. In that case,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1849 the flag <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1850 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1851 >!bss</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1852 > can be used to override this assumption.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1853 ><P
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1854 > If the section name is "_constants" or "_constant", in any
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diff changeset
1855 combination of upper and lower case, the section is assumed to be a constant
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1856 section. This assumption can be overridden with the "!constant"
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1857 flag.</P
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1858 ><P
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1859 >If assembly is already happening within a section, the section is implicitly
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parents:
diff changeset
1860 ended and the new section started. This is not considered an error although
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parents:
diff changeset
1861 it is recommended that all sections be explicitly closed.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1862 ></DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1863 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1864 >ENDSECTION, ENDSECT</DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1865 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1866 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1867 >This directive ends the current section. This puts assembly outside of any
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parents:
diff changeset
1868 sections until the next SECTION directive. ENDSECTION is the preferred form.
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parents:
diff changeset
1869 Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS could also be used to end a section but
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parents:
diff changeset
1870 as of version 3.0, it is now an alias for ENDSTRUCT instead.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1871 ></DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1872 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1873 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1874 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1875 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1876 > EXTERN, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1877 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1878 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1879 > EXTERNAL, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1880 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1881 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1882 > IMPORT</DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1883 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1884 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1885 >This directive defines <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1886 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1887 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1888 > as an external symbol.
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parents:
diff changeset
1889 This directive may occur at any point in the source code. EXTERN definitions
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parents:
diff changeset
1890 are resolved on the first pass so an EXTERN definition anywhere in the
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parents:
diff changeset
1891 source file is valid for the entire file. The use of this directive is
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parents:
diff changeset
1892 optional when the assembler is instructed to assume that all undefined
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parents:
diff changeset
1893 symbols are external. In fact, in that mode, if the symbol is referenced
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parents:
diff changeset
1894 before the EXTERN directive, an error will occur.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1895 ></DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1896 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1897 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1898 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1899 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1900 > EXPORT, <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1901 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1902 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1903 > .GLOBL, EXPORT <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1904 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1905 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1906 >, .GLOBL <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1907 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1908 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1909 ></DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1910 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1911 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1912 >This directive defines <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1913 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1914 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1915 > as an exported symbol.
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parents:
diff changeset
1916 This directive may occur at any point in the source code, even before the
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parents:
diff changeset
1917 definition of the exported symbol.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1918 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1919 >Note that <CODE
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diff changeset
1920 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1921 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1922 > may appear as the operand or as the
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parents:
diff changeset
1923 statement's symbol. If there is a symbol on the statement, that will
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parents:
diff changeset
1924 take precedence over any operand that is present.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1925 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1926 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1927 ><CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1928 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1929 >sym</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1930 > EXTDEP</DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1931 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1932 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1933 >This directive forces an external dependency on
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diff changeset
1934 <CODE
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parents:
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1935 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1936 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1937 >, even if it is never referenced anywhere else in
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1938 this file.</P
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parents:
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1939 ></DD
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parents:
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1940 ></DL
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parents:
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1941 ></DIV
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1942 ></DIV
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parents:
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1943 ><DIV
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1944 CLASS="SECTION"
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1945 ><HR><H2
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diff changeset
1946 CLASS="SECTION"
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1947 ><A
168
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1948 NAME="AEN584"
153
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1949 >3.10. Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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1950 ></H2
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1951 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1952 >There are a number of options that affect the way assembly is performed.
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diff changeset
1953 Some of these options can only be specified on the command line because
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diff changeset
1954 they determine something absolute about the assembly process. These include
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diff changeset
1955 such things as the output target. Other things may be switchable during
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diff changeset
1956 the assembly process. These are known as pragmas and are, by definition,
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diff changeset
1957 not portable between assemblers.</P
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diff changeset
1958 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1959 >LWASM supports a number of pragmas that affect code generation or
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parents:
diff changeset
1960 otherwise affect the behaviour of the assembler. These may be specified by
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diff changeset
1961 way of a command line option or by assembler directives. The directives
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diff changeset
1962 are as follows.</P
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parents:
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1963 ><P
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1964 ></P
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parents:
diff changeset
1965 ><DIV
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parents:
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1966 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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1967 ><DL
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parents:
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1968 ><DT
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1969 >PRAGMA <CODE
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1970 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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1971 >pragma[,...]</CODE
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1972 ></DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1973 ><DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1974 ><P
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parents:
diff changeset
1975 >Specifies that the assembler should bring into force all <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1976 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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diff changeset
1977 >pragma</CODE
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diff changeset
1978 >s
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1979 specified. Any unrecognized pragma will cause an assembly error. The new
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1980 pragmas will take effect immediately. This directive should be used when
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1981 the program will assemble incorrectly if the pragma is ignored or not supported.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1982 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1983 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1984 >*PRAGMA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1985 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1986 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1987 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1988 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1989 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1990 >This is identical to the PRAGMA directive except no error will occur with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1991 unrecognized or unsupported pragmas. This directive, by virtue of starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1992 with a comment character, will also be ignored by assemblers that do not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1993 support this directive. Use this variation if the pragma is not required
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1994 for correct functioning of the code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1995 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1996 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1997 >*PRAGMAPUSH <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1998 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1999 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2000 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2001 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2002 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2003 >This directive saves the current state of the specified pragma(s) for later retrieval. See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2004 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2005 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2006 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2007 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2008 >*PRAGMAPOP <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2009 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2010 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2011 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2012 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2013 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2014 >This directive restores the previously saved state of the specified pragma(s). See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2015 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2016 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2017 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2018 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2019 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2020 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2021 >Each pragma supported has a positive version and a negative version.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2022 The positive version enables the pragma while the negative version disables
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2023 it. The negatitve version is simply the positive version with "no" prefixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2024 to it. For instance, "pragma" vs. "nopragma". Only the positive version is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2025 listed below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2026 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2027 >Pragmas are not case sensitive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2028 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2029 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2030 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2031 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2032 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2033 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2034 >index0tonone</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2035 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2036 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2037 >When in force, this pragma enables an optimization affecting indexed addressing
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2038 modes. When the offset expression in an indexed mode evaluates to zero but is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2039 not explicity written as 0, this will replace the operand with the equivalent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2040 no offset mode, thus creating slightly faster code. Because of the advantages
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2041 of this optimization, it is enabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2042 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2043 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2044 >cescapes</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2045 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2046 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2047 >This pragma will cause strings in the FCC, FCS, and FCN pseudo operations to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2048 have C-style escape sequences interpreted. The one departure from the official
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2049 spec is that unrecognized escape sequences will return either the character
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2050 immediately following the backslash or some undefined value. Do not rely
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2051 on the behaviour of undefined escape sequences.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2052 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2053 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2054 >importundefexport</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2055 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2056 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2057 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2058 in force, it will cause the EXPORT directive to act as IMPORT if the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2059 to be exported is not defined. This is provided for compatibility with the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2060 output of gcc6809 and should not be used in hand written code. Because of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2061 the confusion this pragma can cause, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2062 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2063 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2064 >undefextern</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2065 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2066 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2067 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2068 force, if the assembler sees an undefined symbol on the second pass, it will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2069 automatically define it as an external symbol. This automatic definition will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2070 apply for the remainder of the assembly process, even if the pragma is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2071 subsequently turned off. Because this behaviour would be potentially surprising,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2072 this pragma defaults to off.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2073 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2074 >The primary use for this pragma is for projects that share a large number of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2075 symbols between source files. In such cases, it is impractical to enumerate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2076 all the external references in every source file. This allows the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2077 and linker to do the heavy lifting while not preventing a particular source
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2078 module from defining a local symbol of the same name as an external symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2079 if it does not need the external symbol. (This pragma will not cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2080 automatic external definition if there is already a locally defined symbol.)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2081 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2082 >This pragma will often be specified on the command line for large projects.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2083 However, depending on the specific dynamics of the project, it may be sufficient
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2084 for one or two files to use this pragma internally.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2085 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2086 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2087 >dollarlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2088 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2089 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2090 >When set, a "$" in a symbol makes it local. When not set, "$" does not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2091 cause a symbol to be local. It is set by default except when using the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2092 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2093 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2094 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2095 >dollarnotlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2096 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2097 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2098 > This is the same as the "dollarlocal" pragma except its sense is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2099 reversed. That is, "dollarlocal" and "nodollarnotlocal" are equivalent and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2100 "nodollarlocal" and "dollarnotlocal" are equivalent. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2101 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2102 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2103 >pcaspcr</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2104 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2105 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2106 > Normally, LWASM makes a distinction between PC and PCR in program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2107 counter relative addressing. In particular, the use of PC means an absolute
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2108 offset from PC while PCR causes the assembler to calculate the offset to the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2109 specified operand and use that as the offset from PC. By setting this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2110 pragma, you can have PC treated the same as PCR. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2111 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2112 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2113 >shadow</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2114 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2115 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2116 >When this pragma is in effect, it becomes possible to define a macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2117 that matches an internal operation code. Thus, it makes it possible to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2118 redefine either CPU instructions or pseudo operations. Because this feature
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2119 is of dubious utility, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2120 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2121 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2122 >nolist</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2123 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2124 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2125 >Lines where this pragma is in effect will not appear in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2126 listing. Also, any symbols defined under this pragma will not show up in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2127 the symbol list. This is most useful in include files to avoid spamming the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2128 assembly listing with dozens, hundreds, or thousands of irrelevant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2129 symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2130 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2131 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2132 >autobranchlength</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2133 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2134 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2135 >One of the perennial annoyances for 6809 programmers is that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2136 mneumonics for the short and long branch instructions are different (bxx vs.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2137 lbxx), which is at odds with the rest of the instruction set. This pragma
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2138 is a solution to those annoying byte overflow errors that short branch
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2139 instructions tend to aquire.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2140 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2141 >When this pragma is in effect, which is not the default, whenever any
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2142 relative branch instruction is used, its size will be automatically
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2143 determined based on the actual distance to the destination. In other words,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2144 one can write code with long or short branches everywhere and the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2145 will choose a size for the branch.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2146 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2147 >Also, while this pragma is in effect, the &#62; and &#60; symbols can be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2148 to force the branch size, analogous to their use for other instructions with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2149 &#60; forcing 8 bit offsets and &#62; forcing 16 bit offets.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2150 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2151 >Because this pragma leads to source that is incompatible with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2152 assemblers, it is strongly recommended that it be invoked using the PRAGMA
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2153 directive within the source code rather than on the command line or via the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2154 *PRAGMA directive. This way, an error will be raised if someone tries to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2155 * assemble the code under a different assembler.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2156 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2157 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2158 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2159 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2160 >As a convenience, each input file has a pragma state stack. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2161 allows, through the use of *PRAGMAPUSH and *PRAGMAPOP, a file to change a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2162 pragma state and then restore it to the precise state it had previously.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2163 If, at the end of an input file, all pragma states have not been popped,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2164 they will be removed from the stack. Thus, it is critical to employ
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2165 *PRAGMAPOP correctly. Because each input file has its own pragma stack,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2166 using *PRAGMAPUSH in one file and *PRAGMAPOP in another file will not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2167 work.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2168 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2169 >Pragma stacks are more useful in include files, in particular in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2170 conjunction with the nolist pragma. One can push the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2171 pragma, engage the nolist pragma, and then pop the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2172 pragma at the end of the include file. This will cause the entire include
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2173 file to operate under the nolist pragma. However, if the file is included
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2174 while nolist is already engaged, it will not undo that state.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2175 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2176 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2177 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2178 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2179 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2180 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2181 NAME="AEN662"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2182 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2183 >Chapter 4. LWLINK</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2184 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2185 >The LWTOOLS linker is called LWLINK. This chapter documents the various features
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2186 of the linker.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2187 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2188 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2189 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2190 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2191 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2192 NAME="AEN665"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2193 >4.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2194 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2195 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2196 >The binary for LWLINK is called "lwlink". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2197 case. lwlink takes the following command line arguments.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2198 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2199 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2200 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2201 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2202 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2203 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2204 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2205 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2206 >--decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2207 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2208 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2209 >-b</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2210 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2211 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2212 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2213 >Selects the DECB output format target. This is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2214 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2215 >--format=decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2216 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2217 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2218 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2219 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2220 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2221 >--output=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2222 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2223 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2224 >-o FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2225 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2226 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2227 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2228 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2229 default is <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2230 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2231 >a.out</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2232 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2233 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2234 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2235 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2236 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2237 >--format=TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2238 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2239 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2240 >-f TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2241 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2242 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2243 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2244 >This option specifies the output format. Valid values are <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2245 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2246 >decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2247 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2248 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2249 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2250 >raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2251 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2252 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2253 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2254 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2255 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2256 >--raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2257 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2258 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2259 >-r</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2260 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2261 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2262 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2263 >This option specifies the raw output format.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2264 It is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2265 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2266 >--format=raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2267 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2268 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2269 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2270 >-f raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2271 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2272 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2273 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2274 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2275 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2276 >--script=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2277 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2278 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2279 >-s</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2280 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2281 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2282 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2283 >This option allows specifying a linking script to override the linker's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2284 built in defaults.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2285 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2286 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2287 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2288 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2289 >--section-base=SECT=BASE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2290 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2291 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2292 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2293 >Cause section SECT to load at base address BASE. This will be prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2294 to the built-in link script. It is ignored if a link script is provided.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2295 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2296 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2297 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2298 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2299 >--map=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2300 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2301 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2302 >-m FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2303 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2304 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2305 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2306 >This will output a description of the link result to FILE.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2307 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2308 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2309 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2310 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2311 >--library=LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2312 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2313 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2314 >-l LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2315 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2316 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2317 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2318 >Load a library using the library search path. LIBSPEC will have "lib" prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2319 and ".a" appended.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2320 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2321 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2322 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2323 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2324 >--library-path=DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2325 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2326 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2327 >-L DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2328 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2329 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2330 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2331 >Add DIR to the library search path.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2332 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2333 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2334 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2335 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2336 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2337 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2338 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2339 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2340 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2341 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2342 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2343 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2344 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2345 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2346 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2347 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2348 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2349 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2350 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2351 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2352 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2353 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2354 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2355 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2356 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2357 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2358 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2359 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2360 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2361 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2362 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2363 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2364 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2365 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2366 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2367 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2368 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2369 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2370 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2371 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2372 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2373 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2374 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2375 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2376 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2377 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2378 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2379 >This will display the version of LWLINK.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2380 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2381 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2382 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2383 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2384 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2385 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2386 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2387 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2388 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2389 NAME="AEN762"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2390 >4.2. Linker Operation</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2391 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2392 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2393 >&#13;LWLINK takes one or more files in supported input formats and links them
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2394 into a single binary. Currently supported formats are the LWTOOLS object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2395 file format and the archive format used by LWAR. While the precise method is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2396 slightly different, linking can be conceptualized as the following steps.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2397 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2398 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2399 ><OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2400 TYPE="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2401 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2402 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2403 >First, the linker loads a linking script. If no script is specified, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2404 loads a built-in default script based on the output format selected. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2405 script tells the linker how to lay out the various sections in the final
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2406 binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2407 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2408 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2409 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2410 >Next, the linker reads all the input files into memory. At this time, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2411 flags any format errors in those files. It constructs a table of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2412 for each object at this time.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2413 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2414 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2415 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2416 >The linker then proceeds with organizing the sections loaded from each file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2417 according to the linking script. As it does so, it is able to assign addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2418 to each symbol defined in each object file. At this time, the linker may
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2419 also collapse different instances of the same section name into a single
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2420 section by appending the data from each subsequent instance of the section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2421 to the first instance of the section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2422 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2423 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2424 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2425 >Next, the linker looks through every object file for every incomplete reference.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2426 It then attempts to fully resolve that reference. If it cannot do so, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2427 throws an error. Once a reference is resolved, the value is placed into
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2428 the binary code at the specified section. It should be noted that an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2429 incomplete reference can reference either a symbol internal to the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2430 file or an external symbol which is in the export list of another object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2431 file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2432 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2433 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2434 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2435 >If all of the above steps are successful, the linker opens the output file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2436 and actually constructs the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2437 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2438 ></OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2439 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2440 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2441 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2442 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2443 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2444 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2445 NAME="AEN776"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2446 >4.3. Linking Scripts</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2447 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2448 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2449 >A linker script is used to instruct the linker about how to assemble the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2450 various sections into a completed binary. It consists of a series of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2451 directives which are considered in the order they are encountered.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2452 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2453 >The sections will appear in the resulting binary in the order they are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2454 specified in the script file. If a referenced section is not found, the linker will behave as though the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2455 section did exist but had a zero size, no relocations, and no exports.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2456 A section should only be referenced once. Any subsequent references will have
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2457 an undefined effect.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2458 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2459 >All numbers are in linking scripts are specified in hexadecimal. All directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2460 are case sensitive although the hexadecimal numbers are not.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2461 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2462 >A section name can be specified as a "*", then any section not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2463 already matched by the script will be matched. The "*" can be followed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2464 by a comma and a flag to narrow the section down slightly, also.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2465 If the flag is "!bss", then any section that is not flagged as a bss section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2466 will be matched. If the flag is "bss", then any section that is flagged as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2467 bss will be matched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2468 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2469 >The following directives are understood in a linker script.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2470 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2471 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2472 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2473 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2474 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2475 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2476 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2477 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2478 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2479 > load <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2480 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2481 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2482 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2483 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2484 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2485 >&#13;This causes the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2486 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2487 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2488 > to load at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2489 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2490 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2491 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2492 >. For the raw target, only one "load at" entry is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2493 allowed for non-bss sections and it must be the first one. For raw targets,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2494 it affects the addresses the linker assigns to symbols but has no other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2495 affect on the output. bss sections may all have separate load addresses but
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2496 since they will not appear in the binary anyway, this is okay.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2497 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2498 >For the decb target, each "load" entry will cause a new "block" to be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2499 output to the binary which will contain the load address. It is legal for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2500 sections to overlap in this manner - the linker assumes the loader will sort
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2501 everything out.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2502 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2503 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2504 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2505 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2506 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2507 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2508 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2509 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2510 >&#13;This will cause the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2511 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2512 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2513 > to load after the previously listed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2514 section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2515 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2516 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2517 >entry <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2518 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2519 >addr or sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2520 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2521 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2522 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2523 >This will cause the execution address (entry point) to be the address
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2524 specified (in hex) or the specified symbol name. The symbol name must
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2525 match a symbol that is exported by one of the object files being linked.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2526 This has no effect for targets that do not encode the entry point into the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2527 resulting file. If not specified, the entry point is assumed to be address 0
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2528 which is probably not what you want. The default link scripts for targets
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2529 that support this directive automatically starts at the beginning of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2530 first section (usually "init" or "code") that is emitted in the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2531 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2532 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2533 >pad <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2534 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2535 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2536 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2537 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2538 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2539 >This will cause the output file to be padded with NUL bytes to be exactly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2540 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2541 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2542 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2543 > bytes in length. This only makes sense for a raw target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2544 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2545 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2546 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2547 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2548 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2549 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2550 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2551 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2552 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2553 NAME="AEN810"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2554 >4.4. Format Specific Linking Notes</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2555 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2556 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2557 >Some formats require special information to be able to generate actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2558 binaries. If the specific format you are interested in is not listed in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2559 this section, then there is nothing special you need to know about to create
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2560 a final binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2561 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2562 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2563 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2564 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2565 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2566 NAME="AEN813"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2567 >4.4.1. OS9 Modules</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2568 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2569 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2570 >OS9 modules need to embed several items into the module header. These
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2571 items are the type of module, the langauge of the module, the module
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2572 attributes, the module revision number, the data size (bss), and the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2573 execution offset. These are all either calculated or default to reasonable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2574 values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2575 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2576 >The data size is calcuated as the sum of all sections named "bss" or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2577 ".bss" in all object files that are linked together.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2578 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2579 >The execution offset is calculated from the address of the special
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2580 symbol "__start" which must be an exported (external) symbol in one of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2581 objects to be linked.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2582 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2583 >The type defaults to "Prgrm" or "Program module". The language
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2584 defaults to "Objct" or "6809 object code". Attributes default to enabling
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2585 the re-entrant flag. And finally, the revision defaults to zero.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2586 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2587 >The embedded module name is the output filename. If the output
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2588 filename includes more than just the filename, this will probably not be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2589 what you want.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2590 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2591 >The type, language, attributes, revision, and module name can all be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2592 overridden by providing a special section in exactly one of the object files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2593 to be linked. This section is called "__os9" (note the two underscores).
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2594 To override the type, language, attributes, or revision values, define a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2595 non-exported symbol in this section called "type", "lang", "attr", or "rev"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2596 respectively. Any other symbols defined are ignored. To override the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2597 module name, include as the only actual code in the section a NUL terminated
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2598 string (the FCN directive is useful for this). If there is no code in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2599 section or it beings with a NUL, the default name will be used. Any of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2600 preceeding that are not defined in the special section will retain their
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2601 default values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2602 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2603 >The built-in link script for OS9 modules will place the following
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2604 sections, in order, in the module: "code", ".text", "data", ".data". It
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2605 will merge all sections with the name "bss" or ".bss" into the "data"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2606 section. All other section names are ignored. What this means is that you
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2607 must define your data variables in the a section called "bss" or ".bss" even
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2608 though you will be refencing them all as offsets from U. This does have the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2609 unpleasant side effect that all BSS references will end up being 16 bit
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2610 offsets because the assembler cannot know what the offset will be once the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2611 linker is finished its work. Thus, if the tightest possible code is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2612 required, having LWASM directly output the module is a better choice.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2613 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2614 >While the built-in link script is probably sufficient for most
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2615 purposes, you can provide your own script. If you provide a custom link
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2616 script, you must start your code and data sections at location 000D to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2617 accommodate the module header. Otherwise, you will have an incorrect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2618 location for the execution offset. You must use the ENTRY directive in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2619 script to define the entry point for the module.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2620 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2621 >It should also be obvious from the above that you cannot mix the bss
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2622 (rmb) definitions with the module code when linking separately. Those
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2623 familiar with typical module creation will probably find this an unpleasant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2624 difference but it is unavoidable.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2625 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2626 >It should also be noted that direct page references should also be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2627 avoided because you cannot know ahead of time whether the linker is going to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2628 end up putting a particular variable in the first 256 bytes of the module's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2629 data space. If, however, you know for certain you will have less than 256
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2630 bytes of defined data space across all of the object files that will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2631 linked, you can instead use forced DP addressing for your data addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2632 instead of the ,u notation. When linking with 3rd party libraries, this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2633 practice should be avoided. Also, when creating libraries, always use the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2634 offset from U technique.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2635 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2636 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2637 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2638 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2639 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2640 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2641 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2642 NAME="AEN825"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2643 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2644 >Chapter 5. Libraries and LWAR</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2645 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2646 >LWTOOLS also includes a tool for managing libraries. These are analogous to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2647 the static libraries created with the "ar" tool on POSIX systems. Each library
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2648 file contains one or more object files. The linker will treat the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2649 files within a library as though they had been specified individually on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2650 the command line except when resolving external references. External references
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2651 are looked up first within the object files within the library and then, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2652 not found, the usual lookup based on the order the files are specified on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2653 the command line occurs.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2654 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2655 >The tool for creating these libary files is called LWAR.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2656 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2657 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2658 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2659 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2660 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2661 NAME="AEN829"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2662 >5.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2663 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2664 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2665 >The binary for LWAR is called "lwar". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2666 case. The options lwar understands are listed below. For archive manipulation
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2667 options, the first non-option argument is the name of the archive. All other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2668 non-option arguments are the names of files to operate on.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2669 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2670 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2671 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2672 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2673 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2674 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2675 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2676 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2677 >--add</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2678 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2679 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2680 >-a</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2681 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2682 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2683 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2684 >This option specifies that an archive is going to have files added to it.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2685 If the archive does not already exist, it is created. New files are added
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2686 to the end of the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2687 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2688 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2689 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2690 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2691 >--create</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2692 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2693 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2694 >-c</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2695 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2696 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2697 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2698 >This option specifies that an archive is going to be created and have files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2699 added to it. If the archive already exists, it is truncated.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2700 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2701 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2702 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2703 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2704 >--merge</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2705 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2706 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2707 >-m</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2708 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2709 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2710 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2711 >If specified, any files specified to be added to an archive will be checked
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2712 to see if they are archives themselves. If so, their constituent members are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2713 added to the archive. This is useful for avoiding archives containing archives.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2714 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2715 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2716 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2717 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2718 >--list</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2719 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2720 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2721 >-l</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2722 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2723 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2724 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2725 >This will display a list of the files contained in the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2726 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2727 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2728 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2729 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2730 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2731 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2732 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2733 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2734 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2735 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2736 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2737 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2738 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2739 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2740 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2741 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2742 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2743 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2744 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2745 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2746 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2747 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2748 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2749 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2750 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2751 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2752 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2753 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2754 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2755 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2756 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2757 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2758 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2759 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2760 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2761 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2762 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2763 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2764 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2765 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2766 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2767 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2768 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2769 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2770 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2771 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2772 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2773 >This will display the version of LWLINK.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2774 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2775 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2776 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2777 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2778 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2779 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2780 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2781 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2782 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2783 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2784 NAME="OBJCHAP"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2785 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2786 >Chapter 6. Object Files</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2787 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2788 >LWTOOLS uses a proprietary object file format. It is proprietary in the sense
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2789 that it is specific to LWTOOLS, not that it is a hidden format. It would be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2790 hard to keep it hidden in an open source tool chain anyway. This chapter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2791 documents the object file format.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2792 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2793 >An object file consists of a series of sections each of which contains a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2794 list of exported symbols, a list of incomplete references, and a list of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2795 "local" symbols which may be used in calculating incomplete references. Each
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2796 section will obviously also contain the object code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2797 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2798 >Exported symbols must be completely resolved to an address within the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2799 section it is exported from. That is, an exported symbol must be a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2800 rather than defined in terms of other symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2801 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2802 >Each object file starts with a magic number and version number. The magic
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2803 number is the string "LWOBJ16" for this 16 bit object file format. The only
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2804 defined version number is currently 0. Thus, the first 8 bytes of the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2805 file are <FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2806 COLOR="RED"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2807 >4C574F424A313600</FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2808 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2809 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2810 >Each section has the following items in order:</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2811 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2812 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2813 ><UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2814 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2815 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2816 >section name</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2817 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2818 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2819 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2820 >flags</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2821 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2822 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2823 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2824 >list of local symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2825 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2826 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2827 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2828 >list of exported symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2829 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2830 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2831 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2832 >list of incomplete references along with the expressions to calculate them</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2833 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2834 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2835 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2836 >the actual object code (for non-BSS sections)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2837 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2838 ></UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2839 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2840 >The section starts with the name of the section with a NUL termination
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2841 followed by a series of flag bytes terminated by NUL. There are only two
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2842 flag bytes defined. A NUL (0) indicates no more flags and a value of 1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2843 indicates the section is a BSS section. For a BSS section, no actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2844 code is included in the object file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2845 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2846 >Either a NULL section name or end of file indicate the presence of no more
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2847 sections.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2848 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2849 >Each entry in the exported and local symbols table consists of the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2850 (NUL terminated) followed by two bytes which contain the value in big endian
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2851 order. The end of a symbol table is indicated by a NULL symbol name.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2852 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2853 >Each entry in the incomplete references table consists of an expression
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2854 followed by a 16 bit offset where the reference goes. Expressions are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2855 defined as a series of terms up to an "end of expression" term. Each term
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2856 consists of a single byte which identifies the type of term (see below)
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2857 followed by any data required by the term. Then end of the list is flagged
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2858 by a NULL expression (only an end of expression term).</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2859 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2860 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2861 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2862 NAME="AEN912"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2863 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2864 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2865 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2866 >Table 6-1. Object File Term Types</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2867 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2868 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2869 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2870 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2871 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2872 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2873 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2874 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2875 >TERMTYPE</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2876 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2877 >Meaning</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2878 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2879 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2880 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2881 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2882 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2883 >00</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2884 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2885 >end of expression</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2886 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2887 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2888 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2889 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2890 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2891 >integer (16 bit in big endian order follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2892 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2893 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2894 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2895 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2896 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2897 > external symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2898 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2899 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2900 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2901 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2902 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2903 >local symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2904 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2905 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2906 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2907 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2908 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2909 >operator (1 byte operator number)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2910 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2911 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2912 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2913 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2914 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2915 >section base address reference</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2916 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2917 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2918 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2919 >FF</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2920 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2921 >This term will set flags for the expression. Each one of these terms will set a single flag. All of them should be specified first in an expression. If they are not, the behaviour is undefined. The byte following is the flag. Flag 01 indicates an 8 bit relocation. Flag 02 indicates a zero-width relocation (see the EXTDEP pseudo op in LWASM).</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2922 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2923 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2924 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2925 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2926 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2927 >External references are resolved using other object files while local
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2928 references are resolved using the local symbol table(s) from this file. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2929 allows local symbols that are not exported to have the same names as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2930 exported symbols or external references.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2931 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2932 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2933 ><A
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
lost@l-w.ca
parents: 153
diff changeset
2934 NAME="AEN942"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2935 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2936 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2937 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2938 >Table 6-2. Object File Operator Numbers</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2939 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2940 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2941 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2942 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2943 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2944 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2945 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2946 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2947 >Number</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2948 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2949 >Operator</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2950 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2951 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2952 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2953 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2954 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2955 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2956 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2957 >addition (+)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2958 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2959 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2960 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2961 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2962 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2963 >subtraction (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2964 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2965 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2966 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2967 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2968 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2969 >multiplication (*)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2970 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2971 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2972 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2973 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2974 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2975 >division (/)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2976 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2977 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2978 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2979 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2980 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2981 >modulus (%)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2982 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2983 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2984 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2985 >06</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2986 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2987 >integer division (\) (same as division)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2988 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2989 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2990 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2991 >07</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2992 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2993 >bitwise and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2994 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2995 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2996 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2997 >08</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2998 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2999 >bitwise or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3000 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3001 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3002 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3003 >09</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3004 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3005 >bitwise xor</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3006 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3007 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3008 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3009 >0A</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3010 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3011 >boolean and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3012 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3013 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3014 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3015 >0B</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3016 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3017 >boolean or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3018 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3019 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3020 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3021 >0C</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3022 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3023 >unary negation, 2's complement (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3024 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3025 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3026 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3027 >0D</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3028 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3029 >unary 1's complement (^)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3030 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3031 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3032 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3033 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3034 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3035 >An expression is represented in a postfix manner with both operands for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3036 binary operators preceding the operator and the single operand for unary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3037 operators preceding the operator.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
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3038 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3039 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3040 ></BODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3041 ></HTML
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3042 >