annotate docs/manual/c806.html @ 396:d0c0fede5021

Update to gcc6809lw patch which may help compilation of some sources Due to persistent random compiler crashes and errors related to "M_REGS", this patch update (4.6.4-2) essentially removes the varius constraints allowing the "soft registers" in most operations. It was causing more problems than it solved and it is not clear that the logic behind those soft registers even makes sense any more. This patch also fixes a bogus comparison related to selecting the right size for a constant. Instead of the excessively clever comparison scheme that was previously in use, the comparisons have been replaced with straight forward comparisions for the top and bottom of the relevant 2's complement ranges.
author William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
date Mon, 20 Jul 2015 22:32:41 -0600
parents fc166b3bbae3
children 566660ef3b4d
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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2 <HTML
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5 >LWLINK</TITLE
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6 ><META
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7 NAME="GENERATOR"
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8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK
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9 REL="HOME"
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10 TITLE="LW Tool Chain"
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11 HREF="index.html"><LINK
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12 REL="PREVIOUS"
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13 TITLE="Cycle Counts"
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16 TITLE="Linker Operation"
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17 HREF="x906.html"></HEAD
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18 ><BODY
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24 ALINK="#0000FF"
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25 ><DIV
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26 CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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27 ><TABLE
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28 SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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30 BORDER="0"
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31 CELLPADDING="0"
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32 CELLSPACING="0"
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33 ><TR
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34 ><TH
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35 COLSPAN="3"
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36 ALIGN="center"
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37 >LW Tool Chain</TH
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38 ></TR
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39 ><TR
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40 ><TD
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41 WIDTH="10%"
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43 VALIGN="bottom"
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44 ><A
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45 HREF="x800.html"
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46 ACCESSKEY="P"
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47 >Prev</A
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48 ></TD
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49 ><TD
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50 WIDTH="80%"
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51 ALIGN="center"
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52 VALIGN="bottom"
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53 ></TD
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54 ><TD
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55 WIDTH="10%"
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56 ALIGN="right"
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57 VALIGN="bottom"
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58 ><A
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59 HREF="x906.html"
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60 ACCESSKEY="N"
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61 >Next</A
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62 ></TD
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63 ></TR
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64 ></TABLE
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65 ><HR
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66 ALIGN="LEFT"
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67 WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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68 ><DIV
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69 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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70 ><H1
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71 ><A
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72 NAME="AEN806"
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73 ></A
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74 >Chapter 4. LWLINK</H1
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75 ><P
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76 >The LWTOOLS linker is called LWLINK. This chapter documents the various features
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77 of the linker.</P
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78 ><DIV
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79 CLASS="SECTION"
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80 ><H1
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81 CLASS="SECTION"
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82 ><A
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83 NAME="AEN809"
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84 >4.1. Command Line Options</A
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85 ></H1
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86 ><P
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87 >The binary for LWLINK is called "lwlink". Note that the binary is in lower
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88 case. lwlink takes the following command line arguments.</P
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89 ><P
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90 ></P
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91 ><DIV
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92 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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93 ><DL
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94 ><DT
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95 ><CODE
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96 CLASS="OPTION"
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97 >--decb</CODE
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98 >, <CODE
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99 CLASS="OPTION"
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100 >-b</CODE
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101 ></DT
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102 ><DD
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103 ><P
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104 >Selects the DECB output format target. This is equivalent to <CODE
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105 CLASS="OPTION"
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106 >--format=decb</CODE
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107 ></P
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108 ></DD
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109 ><DT
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110 ><CODE
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111 CLASS="OPTION"
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112 >--output=FILE</CODE
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113 >, <CODE
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114 CLASS="OPTION"
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115 >-o FILE</CODE
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116 ></DT
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117 ><DD
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118 ><P
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119 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
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120 default is <CODE
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121 CLASS="OPTION"
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122 >a.out</CODE
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123 >.</P
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124 ></DD
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125 ><DT
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126 ><CODE
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127 CLASS="OPTION"
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128 >--format=TYPE</CODE
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129 >, <CODE
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130 CLASS="OPTION"
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131 >-f TYPE</CODE
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132 ></DT
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133 ><DD
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134 ><P
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135 >This option specifies the output format. Valid values are <CODE
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136 CLASS="OPTION"
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137 >decb</CODE
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138 >
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139 and <CODE
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140 CLASS="OPTION"
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141 >raw</CODE
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142 ></P
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143 ></DD
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144 ><DT
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145 ><CODE
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146 CLASS="OPTION"
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147 >--raw</CODE
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148 >, <CODE
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149 CLASS="OPTION"
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150 >-r</CODE
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151 ></DT
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152 ><DD
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153 ><P
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154 >This option specifies the raw output format.
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155 It is equivalent to <CODE
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156 CLASS="OPTION"
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157 >--format=raw</CODE
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158 >
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159 and <CODE
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160 CLASS="OPTION"
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161 >-f raw</CODE
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162 ></P
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163 ></DD
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164 ><DT
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165 ><CODE
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166 CLASS="OPTION"
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167 >--script=FILE</CODE
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168 >, <CODE
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169 CLASS="OPTION"
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170 >-s</CODE
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171 ></DT
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172 ><DD
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parents:
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173 ><P
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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174 >This option allows specifying a linking script to override the linker's
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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175 built in defaults.</P
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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176 ></DD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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177 ><DT
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
178 ><CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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179 CLASS="OPTION"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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180 >--section-base=SECT=BASE</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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181 ></DT
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
182 ><DD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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183 ><P
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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184 >Cause section SECT to load at base address BASE. This will be prepended
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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185 to the built-in link script. It is ignored if a link script is provided.</P
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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186 ></DD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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187 ><DT
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
188 ><CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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189 CLASS="OPTION"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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190 >--map=FILE</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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191 >, <CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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192 CLASS="OPTION"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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193 >-m FILE</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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194 ></DT
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
195 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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196 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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197 >This will output a description of the link result to FILE.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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198 ></DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
199 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
200 ><CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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201 CLASS="OPTION"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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202 >--library=LIBSPEC</CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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203 >, <CODE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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204 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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205 >-l LIBSPEC</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
206 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
207 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
208 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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209 >Load a library using the library search path. LIBSPEC will have "lib" prepended
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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210 and ".a" appended.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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211 ></DD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
212 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
213 ><CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
214 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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215 >--library-path=DIR</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
216 >, <CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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217 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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218 >-L DIR</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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219 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
220 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
221 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
222 >Add DIR to the library search path.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
223 ></DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
224 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
225 ><CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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226 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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227 >--debug</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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228 >, <CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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229 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
230 >-d</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
231 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
232 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
233 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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234 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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235 developers.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
236 ></DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
237 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
238 ><CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
239 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
240 >--help</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
241 >, <CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
242 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
243 >-?</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
244 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
245 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
246 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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247 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
248 of each.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
249 ></DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
250 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
251 ><CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
252 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
253 >--usage</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
254 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
255 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
256 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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257 >This will display a usage summary
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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258 of each command line option.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
259 ></DD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
260 ><DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
261 ><CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
262 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
263 >--version</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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264 >, <CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
265 CLASS="OPTION"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
266 >-V</CODE
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
267 ></DT
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
268 ><DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
269 ><P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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270 >This will display the version of LWLINK.</P
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
271 ></DD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
272 ></DL
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
273 ></DIV
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
274 ></DIV
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
275 ></DIV
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
276 ><DIV
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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277 CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
278 ><HR
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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279 ALIGN="LEFT"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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280 WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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281 SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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282 WIDTH="100%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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283 BORDER="0"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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284 CELLPADDING="0"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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285 CELLSPACING="0"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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286 ><TR
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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287 ><TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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288 WIDTH="33%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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289 ALIGN="left"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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290 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
291 ><A
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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292 HREF="x800.html"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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293 ACCESSKEY="P"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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294 >Prev</A
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
295 ></TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
296 ><TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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297 WIDTH="34%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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298 ALIGN="center"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
299 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
300 ><A
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
301 HREF="index.html"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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302 ACCESSKEY="H"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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303 >Home</A
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
304 ></TD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
305 ><TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
306 WIDTH="33%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
307 ALIGN="right"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
308 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
309 ><A
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
310 HREF="x906.html"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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311 ACCESSKEY="N"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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312 >Next</A
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
313 ></TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
314 ></TR
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
315 ><TR
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
316 ><TD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
317 WIDTH="33%"
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
318 ALIGN="left"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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319 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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320 >Cycle Counts</TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
321 ><TD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
322 WIDTH="34%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
323 ALIGN="center"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
324 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
325 >&nbsp;</TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
326 ><TD
fc166b3bbae3 Update manual for recent additions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
327 WIDTH="33%"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
328 ALIGN="right"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
329 VALIGN="top"
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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diff changeset
330 >Linker Operation</TD
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
331 ></TR
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
332 ></TABLE
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
333 ></DIV
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
334 ></BODY
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
335 ></HTML
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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336 >