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Fix error messages related to undefined symbols in lwlink Make lwlink not complain about seciton base and length symbols. Also silence duplicate complaints about undefined symbols. There is no need to complain about undefined symbols during the file/section resolution stage! If they are truly undefined, they'll still be undefined at the reference resolution stage.
author William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
date Sat, 11 Aug 2012 15:18:58 -0600
parents 2cc599f1bebf
children ed1009bce533
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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2 <HTML
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3 ><HEAD
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4 ><TITLE
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5 >Assembler Modes and Pragmas</TITLE
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6 ><META
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7 NAME="GENERATOR"
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8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK
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9 REL="HOME"
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10 TITLE="LW Tool Chain"
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11 HREF="index.html"><LINK
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12 REL="UP"
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13 TITLE="LWASM"
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14 HREF="c45.html"><LINK
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15 REL="PREVIOUS"
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16 TITLE="Object Files and Sections"
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17 HREF="x527.html"><LINK
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18 REL="NEXT"
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19 TITLE="LWLINK"
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20 HREF="c681.html"></HEAD
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21 ><BODY
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22 CLASS="SECTION"
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23 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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24 TEXT="#000000"
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25 LINK="#0000FF"
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26 VLINK="#840084"
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27 ALINK="#0000FF"
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28 ><DIV
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29 CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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30 ><TABLE
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31 SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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32 WIDTH="100%"
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33 BORDER="0"
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34 CELLPADDING="0"
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35 CELLSPACING="0"
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36 ><TR
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37 ><TH
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38 COLSPAN="3"
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39 ALIGN="center"
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40 >LW Tool Chain</TH
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41 ></TR
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42 ><TR
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43 ><TD
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44 WIDTH="10%"
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45 ALIGN="left"
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46 VALIGN="bottom"
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47 ><A
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48 HREF="x527.html"
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49 ACCESSKEY="P"
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50 >Prev</A
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51 ></TD
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52 ><TD
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53 WIDTH="80%"
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54 ALIGN="center"
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55 VALIGN="bottom"
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56 >Chapter 3. LWASM</TD
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57 ><TD
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58 WIDTH="10%"
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59 ALIGN="right"
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60 VALIGN="bottom"
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61 ><A
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62 HREF="c681.html"
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63 ACCESSKEY="N"
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64 >Next</A
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65 ></TD
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66 ></TR
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67 ></TABLE
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68 ><HR
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69 ALIGN="LEFT"
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70 WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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71 ><DIV
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72 CLASS="SECTION"
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73 ><H1
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74 CLASS="SECTION"
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75 ><A
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76 NAME="AEN591"
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77 >3.10. Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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78 ></H1
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79 ><P
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80 >There are a number of options that affect the way assembly is performed.
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81 Some of these options can only be specified on the command line because
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82 they determine something absolute about the assembly process. These include
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83 such things as the output target. Other things may be switchable during
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84 the assembly process. These are known as pragmas and are, by definition,
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85 not portable between assemblers.</P
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86 ><P
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87 >LWASM supports a number of pragmas that affect code generation or
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88 otherwise affect the behaviour of the assembler. These may be specified by
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89 way of a command line option or by assembler directives. The directives
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90 are as follows.</P
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91 ><P
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92 ></P
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93 ><DIV
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94 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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95 ><DL
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96 ><DT
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97 >PRAGMA <CODE
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98 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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99 >pragma[,...]</CODE
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100 ></DT
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101 ><DD
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102 ><P
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103 >Specifies that the assembler should bring into force all <CODE
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104 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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105 >pragma</CODE
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106 >s
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107 specified. Any unrecognized pragma will cause an assembly error. The new
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108 pragmas will take effect immediately. This directive should be used when
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109 the program will assemble incorrectly if the pragma is ignored or not supported.</P
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110 ></DD
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111 ><DT
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112 >*PRAGMA <CODE
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113 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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114 >pragma[,...]</CODE
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115 ></DT
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116 ><DD
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117 ><P
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118 >This is identical to the PRAGMA directive except no error will occur with
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119 unrecognized or unsupported pragmas. This directive, by virtue of starting
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120 with a comment character, will also be ignored by assemblers that do not
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121 support this directive. Use this variation if the pragma is not required
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122 for correct functioning of the code.</P
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123 ></DD
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124 ><DT
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125 >*PRAGMAPUSH <CODE
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126 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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127 >pragma[,...]</CODE
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128 ></DT
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129 ><DD
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130 ><P
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131 >This directive saves the current state of the specified pragma(s) for later retrieval. See discussion below for more information.</P
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132 ><P
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133 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
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134 ></DD
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135 ><DT
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136 >*PRAGMAPOP <CODE
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137 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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138 >pragma[,...]</CODE
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139 ></DT
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140 ><DD
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141 ><P
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142 >This directive restores the previously saved state of the specified pragma(s). See discussion below for more information.</P
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143 ><P
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144 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
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145 ></DD
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146 ></DL
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147 ></DIV
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148 ><P
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149 >Each pragma supported has a positive version and a negative version.
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150 The positive version enables the pragma while the negative version disables
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151 it. The negatitve version is simply the positive version with "no" prefixed
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152 to it. For instance, "pragma" vs. "nopragma". When only one version is
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153 listed below, its opposite can be obtained by prepending "no" if it is not
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154 present or removing "no" from the beginning if it is present.</P
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155 ><P
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156 >Pragmas are not case sensitive.</P
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diff changeset
157 ><P
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
158 ></P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
159 ><DIV
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
160 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
161 ><DL
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
162 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
163 >index0tonone</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
164 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
165 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
166 >When in force, this pragma enables an optimization affecting indexed addressing
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
167 modes. When the offset expression in an indexed mode evaluates to zero but is
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
168 not explicity written as 0, this will replace the operand with the equivalent
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
169 no offset mode, thus creating slightly faster code. Because of the advantages
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
170 of this optimization, it is enabled by default.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
171 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
172 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
173 >cescapes</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
174 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
175 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
176 >This pragma will cause strings in the FCC, FCS, and FCN pseudo operations to
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
177 have C-style escape sequences interpreted. The one departure from the official
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
178 spec is that unrecognized escape sequences will return either the character
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
179 immediately following the backslash or some undefined value. Do not rely
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
180 on the behaviour of undefined escape sequences.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
181 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
182 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
183 >importundefexport</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
184 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
185 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
186 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
187 in force, it will cause the EXPORT directive to act as IMPORT if the symbol
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
188 to be exported is not defined. This is provided for compatibility with the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
189 output of gcc6809 and should not be used in hand written code. Because of
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
190 the confusion this pragma can cause, it is disabled by default.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
191 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
192 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
193 >undefextern</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
194 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
195 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
196 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When in
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
197 force, if the assembler sees an undefined symbol on the second pass, it will
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
198 automatically define it as an external symbol. This automatic definition will
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
199 apply for the remainder of the assembly process, even if the pragma is
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
200 subsequently turned off. Because this behaviour would be potentially surprising,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
201 this pragma defaults to off.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
202 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
203 >The primary use for this pragma is for projects that share a large number of
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
204 symbols between source files. In such cases, it is impractical to enumerate
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
205 all the external references in every source file. This allows the assembler
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
206 and linker to do the heavy lifting while not preventing a particular source
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
207 module from defining a local symbol of the same name as an external symbol
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
208 if it does not need the external symbol. (This pragma will not cause an
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
209 automatic external definition if there is already a locally defined symbol.)</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
210 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
211 >This pragma will often be specified on the command line for large projects.
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
212 However, depending on the specific dynamics of the project, it may be sufficient
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
213 for one or two files to use this pragma internally.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
214 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
215 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
216 >dollarlocal</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
217 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
218 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
219 >When set, a "$" in a symbol makes it local. When not set, "$" does not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
220 cause a symbol to be local. It is set by default except when using the OS9
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
221 target.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
222 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
223 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
224 >dollarnotlocal</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
225 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
226 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
227 > This is the same as the "dollarlocal" pragma except its sense is
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
228 reversed. That is, "dollarlocal" and "nodollarnotlocal" are equivalent and
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
229 "nodollarlocal" and "dollarnotlocal" are equivalent. </P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
230 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
231 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
232 >pcaspcr</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
233 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
234 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
235 > Normally, LWASM makes a distinction between PC and PCR in program
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
236 counter relative addressing. In particular, the use of PC means an absolute
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
237 offset from PC while PCR causes the assembler to calculate the offset to the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
238 specified operand and use that as the offset from PC. By setting this
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
239 pragma, you can have PC treated the same as PCR. </P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
240 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
241 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
242 >shadow</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
243 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
244 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
245 >When this pragma is in effect, it becomes possible to define a macro
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
246 that matches an internal operation code. Thus, it makes it possible to
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
247 redefine either CPU instructions or pseudo operations. Because this feature
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
248 is of dubious utility, it is disabled by default.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
249 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
250 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
251 >nolist</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
252 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
253 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
254 >Lines where this pragma is in effect will not appear in the assembly
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
255 listing. Also, any symbols defined under this pragma will not show up in
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
256 the symbol list. This is most useful in include files to avoid spamming the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
257 assembly listing with dozens, hundreds, or thousands of irrelevant
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
258 symbols.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
259 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
260 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
261 >autobranchlength</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
262 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
263 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
264 >One of the perennial annoyances for 6809 programmers is that the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
265 mneumonics for the short and long branch instructions are different (bxx vs.
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
266 lbxx), which is at odds with the rest of the instruction set. This pragma
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
267 is a solution to those annoying byte overflow errors that short branch
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
268 instructions tend to aquire.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
269 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
270 >When this pragma is in effect, which is not the default, whenever any
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
271 relative branch instruction is used, its size will be automatically
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
272 determined based on the actual distance to the destination. In other words,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
273 one can write code with long or short branches everywhere and the assembler
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
274 will choose a size for the branch.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
275 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
276 >Also, while this pragma is in effect, the &#62; and &#60; symbols can be used
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
277 to force the branch size, analogous to their use for other instructions with
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
278 &#60; forcing 8 bit offsets and &#62; forcing 16 bit offets.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
279 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
280 >Because this pragma leads to source that is incompatible with other
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
281 assemblers, it is strongly recommended that it be invoked using the PRAGMA
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
282 directive within the source code rather than on the command line or via the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
283 *PRAGMA directive. This way, an error will be raised if someone tries to
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
284 assemble the code under a different assembler.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
285 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
286 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
287 >nosymbolcase, symbolnocase</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
288 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
289 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
290 >Any symbol defined while this pragma is in force will be treated as
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
291 case insensitive, regardless whether the pragma is in force when the symbol
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
292 is referenced.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
293 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
294 >It is important to note that this pragma will not work as expected in
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
295 all cases when using the object file assembly target. It is intended for
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
296 use only when the assembler will be producing the final binary.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
297 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
298 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
299 >condundefzero</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
300 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
301 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
302 >This pragma will cause the assembler to change the way it handles
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
303 symbols in conditional expressions. Ordinarily, any symbol that is not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
304 defined prior to the conditional will throw an undefined symbol error. With
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
305 this pragma in effect, symbols that are not yet defined at the point the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
306 conditional is encountered will be treated as zero.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
307 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
308 >This is not the default because it encourages poor code design. One
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
diff changeset
309 should use the "IFDEF" or "IFNDEF" conditionals to test for the presence of
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents:
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310 a symbol.</P
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311 ><P
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312 >It is important to note that if a symbol is defined but it does not
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313 yet evaluate to a constant value at the point where the conditional appears,
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314 the assembler will still complain about a non constant condition.</P
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315 ></DD
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316 ></DL
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317 ></DIV
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318 ><P
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319 >As a convenience, each input file has a pragma state stack. This
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320 allows, through the use of *PRAGMAPUSH and *PRAGMAPOP, a file to change a
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321 pragma state and then restore it to the precise state it had previously.
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322 If, at the end of an input file, all pragma states have not been popped,
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323 they will be removed from the stack. Thus, it is critical to employ
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324 *PRAGMAPOP correctly. Because each input file has its own pragma stack,
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325 using *PRAGMAPUSH in one file and *PRAGMAPOP in another file will not
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326 work.</P
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327 ><P
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328 >Pragma stacks are more useful in include files, in particular in
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329 conjunction with the nolist pragma. One can push the state of the nolist
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330 pragma, engage the nolist pragma, and then pop the state of the nolist
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331 pragma at the end of the include file. This will cause the entire include
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332 file to operate under the nolist pragma. However, if the file is included
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333 while nolist is already engaged, it will not undo that state.</P
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334 ></DIV
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335 ><DIV
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336 CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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337 ><HR
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338 ALIGN="LEFT"
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339 WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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340 SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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341 WIDTH="100%"
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342 BORDER="0"
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343 CELLPADDING="0"
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344 CELLSPACING="0"
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345 ><TR
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346 ><TD
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347 WIDTH="33%"
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348 ALIGN="left"
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349 VALIGN="top"
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350 ><A
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351 HREF="x527.html"
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352 ACCESSKEY="P"
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353 >Prev</A
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354 ></TD
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355 ><TD
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356 WIDTH="34%"
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357 ALIGN="center"
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358 VALIGN="top"
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359 ><A
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360 HREF="index.html"
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361 ACCESSKEY="H"
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362 >Home</A
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363 ></TD
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364 ><TD
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365 WIDTH="33%"
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366 ALIGN="right"
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367 VALIGN="top"
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368 ><A
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369 HREF="c681.html"
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370 ACCESSKEY="N"
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371 >Next</A
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372 ></TD
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373 ></TR
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374 ><TR
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375 ><TD
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376 WIDTH="33%"
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377 ALIGN="left"
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378 VALIGN="top"
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379 >Object Files and Sections</TD
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380 ><TD
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381 WIDTH="34%"
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382 ALIGN="center"
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383 VALIGN="top"
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384 ><A
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385 HREF="c45.html"
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386 ACCESSKEY="U"
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387 >Up</A
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388 ></TD
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389 ><TD
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390 WIDTH="33%"
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391 ALIGN="right"
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392 VALIGN="top"
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393 >LWLINK</TD
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394 ></TR
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395 ></TABLE
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396 ></DIV
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397 ></BODY
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398 ></HTML
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399 >